Volume 10 Issue 5 | May 2016
Table of Contents
10(5) 2016
DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05
10(5) 2016
DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05
Southern Cross Publishing©2016
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA
Australian Journal of Crop Science | March 2016
Volume 10 Number 5 Year 2016
Volume 10 Number 5 Year 2016
Nonlinear models to describe the maize seed quality during the maturation stage: a Bayesian approach
Sebastião Gazola1, Carlos Alberto Scapim2, Ângela Maria Marcone de Araujo1, Robson Marcelo Rossi1, Antonio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior3*, Marcelo Vivas3
1Department of Statistics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
2Department of Agronomy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
3Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
SUMMARY
The adjustment of linear and non-linear models to describe the longevity of seed was studied here. The Bayesian analysis is a robust statistical procedure with many possible applications. In this study, the Bayesian method was used to fit the seed germination data of two maize hybrids (OC705 and CD5501) as a function of the number of days after female flowering on two sowing dates (E1 and E2) to the following non-linear model: .
Pages 598-603 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p6361
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Quality monitoring of billets distribution in mechanised sugarcane planting
Murilo Aparecido Voltarelli¹*, Carla Segatto Strini Paixão², Rouverson Pereira da Silva², Cristiano Zerbato², Tiago Oliveira Tavares²
1Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Department Agricultural Engineering, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n - 36570-900 , Minas Gerais, Brasil
2UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
SUMMARY
The mechanised farming operations, especially sugarcane mechanised planting, have diverse sources of variation that may harm the agronomic performance of the crop and destabilise the process, causing failure to meet operational goals. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess the quality of sugarcane mechanised planting in two operating shifts, on the left and right furrows, using statistical quality control tools.
Pages 604-613 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p6777
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Nitrogen use of Panicum and Brachiaria cultivars vary with nitrogen supply: I. Differences in plant growth
Tiago Barreto Garcez, Francisco Antonio Monteiro*
Soil Science Department, University of São Paulo (ESALQ) Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
Summary
Tropical grass pastures are broadly split between those that use high N fertilizer rates and those that use little or none. Maximizing the efficiency of N application in pastures requires understanding which features and adaptations species utilize to take advantage. This study was designed to determine the variation in growth of Brachiaria cultivars (Basilisk, Marandu, Piatã and Xaraés) and Panicum cultivars (Aruana, Massai, Mombaça and Tanzania) under two N supply rates (low and high) in order to understanding forage-grass species adaptive mechanisms for high and low N supply.
Pages 614-621 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p6853A
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Nitrogen use of Panicum and Brachiaria cultivars vary with nitrogen supply: II Nitrogen use efficiency rankings and partition
Tiago Barreto Garcez, Francisco Antonio Monteiro
Soil Science Department, ESALQ - University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
SUMMARY
An improved N use in grasses is necessary to increase the nutrient use efficiency and the species persistence in the production systems. However, it is not known if the same grass cultivars should be used in high or low N situations to achieve high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). This study aimed to analyze whether Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, B. brizantha cv. Xaraés, B. brizantha cv. Piatã, B. decumbens cv. Basilisk, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, P. maximum cv. Tanzania, P. maximum cv. Aruana and P. maximum x P. infestum cv. Massai grasses modify the N partition to an improved nutrient use efficiency when growing in an environment with low and high N availability.
Pages 622-631 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p6853B
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Effects of planting density on vegetative growth and production components of jatropha (Physic nut L)
Rosiane de Lourdes Silva de Lima1, Allan Radax Freitas Campos1, Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo2, José Alberto Wanderley Calado1, Sonivagno de Sousa Silva1, Ronaldo do Nascimento2
1Federal University of Campina Grande, Academic Unit of Agricultural Engineering, Campina Grande, CEP 58.109-970, Paraíba, Brazil
2Federal University of Campina Grande, Professor Unit of Agricultural Engineering, Campina Grande, CEP 58.109-970, Paraíba, Brazil
SUMMARY
Planting configuration is a management factor that influences production. Despite its importance for the establishment of commercial plantations of jatropha, the best planting configuration is still unknown, since its optimal planting density varies widely according to the climate and soil conditions of each region. This study aimed to determine the best planting configuration for jatropha cultivated in the Agreste region of Paraíba, Brazil.
Pages 632-636 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7148
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Genetic diversity and association analysis among Egyptian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes with different adaptations to saline conditions analyzed by SSR markers
Ammar Elakhdar1, 2, 3, Mohamed Abd El-sattar2, Khairy Amer3 and Toshihiro Kumamaru1*
1Laboratory of plant Genetic Resources, Institute of Genetic Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
2Crops Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Elshatby 21545, Aflaton St, Egypt
3Barley Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, 9 Gama St., Giza, Egypt
SUMMARY
The success of salt tolerance breeding programs employing traditional screening and selection has been limited in the past decades. This study was designed to characterize the genetic diversity within a subset of barley germplasm using microsatellite markers under different adaptations to salt conditions. Twenty-five microsatellites (SSR) representative of the barley genome, were used in 30 barley accessions and cultivars.
Pages 637-645 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7331
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Physical soil attributes of Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) under organic and conventional management systems
Fábio Luiz Partelli1*, Romano Roberto Valicheski2, Henrique Duarte Vieira3, Ivoney Gontijo1, Enderson Petrônio de Brito Ferreira4
1Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Rodovia BR 101 Norte, Km. 60, Bairro Litorâneo, CEP 29932-540, São Mateus, ES, Brazil
2Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Rio do Sul, Rio do Sul, SC, Brazil.
3Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
4Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil
SUMMARY
Coffea sp. is cultivated in large areas, using both conventional and organic management. However, information about the sustainability of these two management systems is still deficient. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the physical properties of soil cultivated with Conilon coffee (C. canephora) under organic and conventional management.
Pages 646-653 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7345
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Productivity and nutritive value of brachiaria forage intercropping with eucalyptus in a silvopastoral system in the Brazilian Cerrado biome
Regina Maria Quintão Lana1, Ângela Maria Quintão Lana2, Guilherme Lanna Reis3, Ernane Miranda Lemes4
1Agrarian Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU. St. Amazonas n/n, Umuarama Campus. Build 2E. ZIP 38400-902. Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
2Zootechny Departament, at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG. St. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha Campus. P.O. box 567, ZIP 31270-901. Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
3Engineering and Architecture Department, at Fundação Mineira de Educação e Cultura. St. Cobre 200, Cruzeiro. ZIP 30310-190. Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
4Agrarian Science Institute, Post-Graduate Program in Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU. St. Amazonas n/n, Umuarama Campus. Build 2E. ZIP 38400-902. Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
SUMMARY
In the Brazilian Cerrado biome there are two major limitations to livestock production: low soil fertility and periods of low rainfall that may occur in all seasons of the year. The period when green forage is available to cattle can be extended if trees are cultivated in pasture lands, which creates a microclimate that would improve soil moisture retention and would contribute to soil nutrients cycling.
Pages 654-659 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7346
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Accelerated ageing as a vigour test for crambe (Crambe abyssinica) seeds
Érica Fernandes Leão*1, Juliana Faria dos Santos1, Rafael Marani Barbosa2, Roberval Daiton Vieira1
1UNESP - São Paulo State University, Department of Plant Production, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
2 DCAA/UESC - Santa Cruz State University, Department of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
SUMMARY
Adequate seed vigour tests are fundamental in evaluating vigour level and consequent performance of seed lots in storage and in the field conditions. The accelerated ageing is one of the most important of these tests. To establish the best accelerated ageing procedure for evaluating the vigour of crambe seeds, we compared results from the traditional method (ageing periods of 24, 48, and 72 hours at temperatures of 41 and 45 °C) and the saturated salt accelerated ageing (SSAA) (NaCl) method.
Pages 660-665 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7359
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Physiological aspects, growth and yield of Coffea spp. in areas of high altitude
Weverton P. Rodrigues1, Henrique D. Vieira1, Eliemar Campostrini1, Fábio A. M. M A. Figueiredo2, Tiago M. Ferraz2, Fábio L. Partelli3, José C. Ramalho4,5,*
1Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, 28013-602 Parque Califrórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
2Dept. Química e Biologia, Centro de Estudos Superiores de Imperatriz-CESI, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Rua Godofredo Viana, 1300, 65901-480. Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil
3Dept. Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Rod. BR 101 km 60, 29932-540 Bairro Litorâneo, São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil
4Grupo Interações Planta-Ambiente & Biodiversidade (PlantStress&Biodiversity), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Univ. Lisboa (ULisboa), Qta. Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
5.GeoBioTec, Fac. Ciências Tecnologia (FCT), Univ. Nova Lisboa (UNL), 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
SUMMARY
Low temperature and water deficit are the major climatic limitations for the coffee plant, affecting metabolic performance, development and yield. This work aims at evaluating the physiological responses of Coffea spp. genotypes grown in high-altitude (734 m) areas under field conditions, using 3-to-4-year-old plants of C. arabica cv. Catucaí Vermelho (785/15) and C. canephora cv. Encapa 8111 Clone 02 (02V).
Pages 666-674 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7366
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Anthocyanin content, total phenolic content, and antiradical capacity in different ear components of purple waxy corn at two maturation stages
Sakunkan Simla1,*, Surasak Boontang1, Bhornchai Harakotr2
1Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakam University, Maha Sarakam, Thailand
2Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
SUMMARY
The use of corn wastes should increase production efficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate anthocyanin content, phenolic content and antioxidant activity in kernel, cob, silk, and husk of purple waxy corn. Three varieties of purple waxy corn and a commercial check were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications.
Pages 675-682 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7389
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Agricultural management systems affect on physical, chemical and microbial soil properties
Elaine Reis Pinheiro Lourente1, Eulene Francisco da Silva2, Fábio Martins Mercante3, Ademar Pereira Serra4, Paula Pinheiro Padovese Peixoto5, Rodrigo Cesar Sereia4, Simone Cândido Ensinas5, Antonio Luiz Neto Neto6, Alessandra Mayumi Tokura Alovisi7, Marlene Estevão Marchetti7, Jorge Wilson Cortez7
1Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Post Graduation Program in Agricultural Engineer, City of Dourados, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
2Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias/Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), City of Mossoró, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
3Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA Western Agriculture), City of Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
4Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA Beef Cattle), City of Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
5Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, City of Cassilândia, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
6Agronomist, independent consultant
7Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Post-Graduation Program in Agronomy-Crop Science Department, City of Dourados, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
SUMMARY
The purpose of this research was to assess the effects of replacement of native “Cerrado” vegetation (NV) into croplands on soil chemical, physical and microbial properties. This research was carried out on a farm under Rhodic Hapludox soil with different types of agricultural managements systems, and it was used a NV to compare the systems.
Pages 683-692 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7410
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Productivity and quality of soybean seeds of determinate and indeterminate growth types desiccated in pre-harvest
André Ricardo Gomes Bezerra1*, Tuneo Sediyama1, Cosme Damião Cruz2, Francisco Charles dos Santos Silva1, Amilton Ferreira da Silva1, Daniele Piano Rosa1, Luiz Antônio dos Santos Dias1
1Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
2Department of Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
SUMMARY
Desiccation aims to control weeds and cause crop defoliation. The procedure facilitates the work of harvesters, allows earlier harvesting and standardization, and can reduce losses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-harvest desiccation on cycle time, seed yield and seed physiological quality of soybean cultivars of determinate and indeterminate growth types.
Pages 693-700 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7421
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Concentration and accumulation of macronutrients in leaf of coffee berries in the Amazon, Brazil
Danielly Dubberstein¹*, Fabio Luiz Partelli², Jairo Rafael Machado Dias³, Marcelo Curitiba Espindola4
1Programa de pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, CCAUFES, Alegre, ES, Brasil
2Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Centro Universitário Norte do Espirito Santo, CEUNES/UFES, São Mateus, ES, Brasil
3Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, UNIR, Rolim de Moura, RO, Brasil
4Embrapa Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brasil
SUMMARY
Knowledge regarding the behaviour and accumulation of nutrients in coffee berries and leaves is important information for the management of fertilisation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the concentration and accumulation of macronutrients in coffee fruits and leaves under different fertilisation regimes in the south western Amazon, Brazil.
Pages 701-710 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7424
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Characteristics of quince fruits cultivars' (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) grown in Brazil
Magali Leonel1*, Sarita Leonel2, Marco António Tecchio2, Martha Maria Mischan3, Mara Fernandes Moura4, Diego Xavier4
1Center for Tropical Roots and Starches (CERAT), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18610-307, Brazil
2Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
3Departament of Biostatistic, Bioscience Institute (IBB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
4Fruit Center, Campinas Agronomic Institute (IAC), Jundiaí, São Paulo, 13214-820, Brazil
SUMMARY
The fruits of quinces are mostly used to produce food and functional products. Studies on this fruit have increased recently aiming to increase the use of quince fruit as industrial raw material. The present study aimed to evaluate ten different cultivars of quince grown in São Paulo state, Brazil, regarding weight, transverse and longitudinal diameter, skin and pulp color, firmness, pH, acidity, moisture, ash, starch, lipids, fiber and total sugars of fruits, aiming to provide important information to the industrial applicability.
Pages 711-716 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7425
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Genetic diversity of Moroccan bitter vetch Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd. landraces revealed by morphological and SSR markers
Salama El Fatehi1,2, Gilles Béna2,4, Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf2,3, Mohammed Ater1,2*
1Laboratoire Diversité et Conservation des Systèmes Biologiques (LDICOSYB), Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, P.B. 2121, Tétouan, Morocco
2Laboratoire Mixte International (LMI), Université Mohamed V-Agdal & IRD, Avenue Ibn Batouta BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
3Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Université Mohamed V- Agdal, Avenue Ibn Batouta BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
4Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes Environnement, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
SUMMARY
Bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd) is a minor crop in the traditional agroecosystems of north-western Morocco. Polymorphism of microsatellite and morphological markers were used to investigate 19 Moroccan landraces by morphological and molecular markers. Thirteen morphological characters of the seed and pod showed great variability and differentiation between ecotypes.
Pages 717-725 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7432
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Synergistic effects of BAP and kinetin media additives on regeneration of vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L. Nash)
Kanokporn Sompornpailin*, Chonnikarn Khunchuay
College of Nanotechnology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand
Abstract
Regeneration efficiency was enhanced by adding auxin and cytokinin at different concentrations to the media. It was found that the two highest frequencies-90 and 85%-of callus induction occured when the buds were cultured in an MS medium supplemented with 2 mgL-1 a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) plus 1 mgL-1 N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (CIM2) and in the same medium supplemented with 2 mgL-1 NAA plus 1 mgL-1 kinetin (CIM5), respectively.
Pages 726-731 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7439
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Molecular variability and genetic relationships of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars based on inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers
Ahmed Al-Najm1,2, Shuming Luo1, Nabil M. Ahmad1*, Richard Trethowan1
1Plant Breeding Institute, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, University of Sydney, 107 Cobbitty Road, Cobbitty, NSW 2570, Australia
2University of Basrah, Date Palm Research Center, Basrah, Iraq
SUMMARY
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is an important fruit crop in many arid areas and understanding the relatedness among genotypes is important for effective date palm improvement. Inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers were used to assess the molecular variation and genetic diversity of 54 and 12 date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) genotypes collected from Australia and Iraq, respectively. The main objectives were to survey genetic diversity and to determine varietal differences among the collected date palm germplasm.
Pages 732-740 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7491
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Effect of high night temperatures during anthesis on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) pistil and leaf physiology and biochemistry
Dimitra A. Loka*, Derrick M. Oosterhuis
Altheimer Laboratory, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
SUMMARY
Flowering in cotton is a sensitive stage to heat stress but the effects of high night temperatures on cotton’s pistil metabolism are not well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of high night temperatures on the carbohydrate, glutathione reductase and free polyamine content of the cotton pistil and its subtending leaf.
Pages 741-748 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7498
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Expression of genes in cultivated rice and weedy rice in competition
Marcos Andre Nohato1, Daiane de Pinho Benemann1*, Cláudia Oliveira1, Leandro Vargas2, Luis Antonio Avila1, Dirceu Agostinetto1
1Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas, University campus, PO Box 354, CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
2Embrapa Wheat, BR 285 Km 174, PO Box 451, CEP 99001-970, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
SUMMARY
The competition for resources such as light and nitrogen between red rice and cultivated rice can trigger responses in plants that interfere with growth and productivity as well as the expression of genes related to competition-induced stress. Due to its sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity, real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) is an important technique for analyzing differences in gene expression. In this study, we quantified the relative expression levels of genes involved in nitrogen assimilation (OsAMTs, OsGS2 and OsNADH-GOGAT2) and light capture (OsPIL1, OsCRY2 and OsCAB1) in cultivated and red rice in competition under different concentrations of nitrogen (0, 120 and 240 kg ha-1 of nitrogen).
Pages 749-757 | Full Text PDF | DOI:10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7441
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Agronomic characteristics associated with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in the peanut crop
Cristiano Zerbato1*, David Luciano Rosalen1, Carlos Eduardo Angeli Furlani1, Juliano Deghaid1, Murilo Aparecido Voltarelli2
1UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Department Agricultural Engineering, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
2Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Viçosa, MG, Department Agricultural Engineering, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n - 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
SUMMARY
Advances in agricultural technology have led to the development of active remote sensing equipment that can potentially estimate components of crop production; however, this assessment is still in its early stages for the peanut crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) generated by a terrestrial sensor and its relationship with agronomic variables of peanut crops grown at different densities.
Pages 758-764 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7167
Sebastião Gazola1, Carlos Alberto Scapim2, Ângela Maria Marcone de Araujo1, Robson Marcelo Rossi1, Antonio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior3*, Marcelo Vivas3
1Department of Statistics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
2Department of Agronomy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
3Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
SUMMARY
The adjustment of linear and non-linear models to describe the longevity of seed was studied here. The Bayesian analysis is a robust statistical procedure with many possible applications. In this study, the Bayesian method was used to fit the seed germination data of two maize hybrids (OC705 and CD5501) as a function of the number of days after female flowering on two sowing dates (E1 and E2) to the following non-linear model: .
Pages 598-603 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p6361
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Quality monitoring of billets distribution in mechanised sugarcane planting
Murilo Aparecido Voltarelli¹*, Carla Segatto Strini Paixão², Rouverson Pereira da Silva², Cristiano Zerbato², Tiago Oliveira Tavares²
1Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Department Agricultural Engineering, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n - 36570-900 , Minas Gerais, Brasil
2UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
SUMMARY
The mechanised farming operations, especially sugarcane mechanised planting, have diverse sources of variation that may harm the agronomic performance of the crop and destabilise the process, causing failure to meet operational goals. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess the quality of sugarcane mechanised planting in two operating shifts, on the left and right furrows, using statistical quality control tools.
Pages 604-613 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p6777
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Nitrogen use of Panicum and Brachiaria cultivars vary with nitrogen supply: I. Differences in plant growth
Tiago Barreto Garcez, Francisco Antonio Monteiro*
Soil Science Department, University of São Paulo (ESALQ) Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
Summary
Tropical grass pastures are broadly split between those that use high N fertilizer rates and those that use little or none. Maximizing the efficiency of N application in pastures requires understanding which features and adaptations species utilize to take advantage. This study was designed to determine the variation in growth of Brachiaria cultivars (Basilisk, Marandu, Piatã and Xaraés) and Panicum cultivars (Aruana, Massai, Mombaça and Tanzania) under two N supply rates (low and high) in order to understanding forage-grass species adaptive mechanisms for high and low N supply.
Pages 614-621 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p6853A
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Nitrogen use of Panicum and Brachiaria cultivars vary with nitrogen supply: II Nitrogen use efficiency rankings and partition
Tiago Barreto Garcez, Francisco Antonio Monteiro
Soil Science Department, ESALQ - University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
SUMMARY
An improved N use in grasses is necessary to increase the nutrient use efficiency and the species persistence in the production systems. However, it is not known if the same grass cultivars should be used in high or low N situations to achieve high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). This study aimed to analyze whether Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, B. brizantha cv. Xaraés, B. brizantha cv. Piatã, B. decumbens cv. Basilisk, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, P. maximum cv. Tanzania, P. maximum cv. Aruana and P. maximum x P. infestum cv. Massai grasses modify the N partition to an improved nutrient use efficiency when growing in an environment with low and high N availability.
Pages 622-631 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p6853B
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Effects of planting density on vegetative growth and production components of jatropha (Physic nut L)
Rosiane de Lourdes Silva de Lima1, Allan Radax Freitas Campos1, Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo2, José Alberto Wanderley Calado1, Sonivagno de Sousa Silva1, Ronaldo do Nascimento2
1Federal University of Campina Grande, Academic Unit of Agricultural Engineering, Campina Grande, CEP 58.109-970, Paraíba, Brazil
2Federal University of Campina Grande, Professor Unit of Agricultural Engineering, Campina Grande, CEP 58.109-970, Paraíba, Brazil
SUMMARY
Planting configuration is a management factor that influences production. Despite its importance for the establishment of commercial plantations of jatropha, the best planting configuration is still unknown, since its optimal planting density varies widely according to the climate and soil conditions of each region. This study aimed to determine the best planting configuration for jatropha cultivated in the Agreste region of Paraíba, Brazil.
Pages 632-636 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7148
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Genetic diversity and association analysis among Egyptian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes with different adaptations to saline conditions analyzed by SSR markers
Ammar Elakhdar1, 2, 3, Mohamed Abd El-sattar2, Khairy Amer3 and Toshihiro Kumamaru1*
1Laboratory of plant Genetic Resources, Institute of Genetic Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
2Crops Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Elshatby 21545, Aflaton St, Egypt
3Barley Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, 9 Gama St., Giza, Egypt
SUMMARY
The success of salt tolerance breeding programs employing traditional screening and selection has been limited in the past decades. This study was designed to characterize the genetic diversity within a subset of barley germplasm using microsatellite markers under different adaptations to salt conditions. Twenty-five microsatellites (SSR) representative of the barley genome, were used in 30 barley accessions and cultivars.
Pages 637-645 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7331
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Physical soil attributes of Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) under organic and conventional management systems
Fábio Luiz Partelli1*, Romano Roberto Valicheski2, Henrique Duarte Vieira3, Ivoney Gontijo1, Enderson Petrônio de Brito Ferreira4
1Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Rodovia BR 101 Norte, Km. 60, Bairro Litorâneo, CEP 29932-540, São Mateus, ES, Brazil
2Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Rio do Sul, Rio do Sul, SC, Brazil.
3Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
4Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil
SUMMARY
Coffea sp. is cultivated in large areas, using both conventional and organic management. However, information about the sustainability of these two management systems is still deficient. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the physical properties of soil cultivated with Conilon coffee (C. canephora) under organic and conventional management.
Pages 646-653 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7345
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Productivity and nutritive value of brachiaria forage intercropping with eucalyptus in a silvopastoral system in the Brazilian Cerrado biome
Regina Maria Quintão Lana1, Ângela Maria Quintão Lana2, Guilherme Lanna Reis3, Ernane Miranda Lemes4
1Agrarian Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU. St. Amazonas n/n, Umuarama Campus. Build 2E. ZIP 38400-902. Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
2Zootechny Departament, at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG. St. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha Campus. P.O. box 567, ZIP 31270-901. Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
3Engineering and Architecture Department, at Fundação Mineira de Educação e Cultura. St. Cobre 200, Cruzeiro. ZIP 30310-190. Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
4Agrarian Science Institute, Post-Graduate Program in Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU. St. Amazonas n/n, Umuarama Campus. Build 2E. ZIP 38400-902. Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
SUMMARY
In the Brazilian Cerrado biome there are two major limitations to livestock production: low soil fertility and periods of low rainfall that may occur in all seasons of the year. The period when green forage is available to cattle can be extended if trees are cultivated in pasture lands, which creates a microclimate that would improve soil moisture retention and would contribute to soil nutrients cycling.
Pages 654-659 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7346
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Accelerated ageing as a vigour test for crambe (Crambe abyssinica) seeds
Érica Fernandes Leão*1, Juliana Faria dos Santos1, Rafael Marani Barbosa2, Roberval Daiton Vieira1
1UNESP - São Paulo State University, Department of Plant Production, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
2 DCAA/UESC - Santa Cruz State University, Department of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
SUMMARY
Adequate seed vigour tests are fundamental in evaluating vigour level and consequent performance of seed lots in storage and in the field conditions. The accelerated ageing is one of the most important of these tests. To establish the best accelerated ageing procedure for evaluating the vigour of crambe seeds, we compared results from the traditional method (ageing periods of 24, 48, and 72 hours at temperatures of 41 and 45 °C) and the saturated salt accelerated ageing (SSAA) (NaCl) method.
Pages 660-665 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7359
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Physiological aspects, growth and yield of Coffea spp. in areas of high altitude
Weverton P. Rodrigues1, Henrique D. Vieira1, Eliemar Campostrini1, Fábio A. M. M A. Figueiredo2, Tiago M. Ferraz2, Fábio L. Partelli3, José C. Ramalho4,5,*
1Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, 28013-602 Parque Califrórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
2Dept. Química e Biologia, Centro de Estudos Superiores de Imperatriz-CESI, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Rua Godofredo Viana, 1300, 65901-480. Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil
3Dept. Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Rod. BR 101 km 60, 29932-540 Bairro Litorâneo, São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil
4Grupo Interações Planta-Ambiente & Biodiversidade (PlantStress&Biodiversity), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Univ. Lisboa (ULisboa), Qta. Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
5.GeoBioTec, Fac. Ciências Tecnologia (FCT), Univ. Nova Lisboa (UNL), 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
SUMMARY
Low temperature and water deficit are the major climatic limitations for the coffee plant, affecting metabolic performance, development and yield. This work aims at evaluating the physiological responses of Coffea spp. genotypes grown in high-altitude (734 m) areas under field conditions, using 3-to-4-year-old plants of C. arabica cv. Catucaí Vermelho (785/15) and C. canephora cv. Encapa 8111 Clone 02 (02V).
Pages 666-674 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7366
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Anthocyanin content, total phenolic content, and antiradical capacity in different ear components of purple waxy corn at two maturation stages
Sakunkan Simla1,*, Surasak Boontang1, Bhornchai Harakotr2
1Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakam University, Maha Sarakam, Thailand
2Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
SUMMARY
The use of corn wastes should increase production efficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate anthocyanin content, phenolic content and antioxidant activity in kernel, cob, silk, and husk of purple waxy corn. Three varieties of purple waxy corn and a commercial check were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications.
Pages 675-682 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7389
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Agricultural management systems affect on physical, chemical and microbial soil properties
Elaine Reis Pinheiro Lourente1, Eulene Francisco da Silva2, Fábio Martins Mercante3, Ademar Pereira Serra4, Paula Pinheiro Padovese Peixoto5, Rodrigo Cesar Sereia4, Simone Cândido Ensinas5, Antonio Luiz Neto Neto6, Alessandra Mayumi Tokura Alovisi7, Marlene Estevão Marchetti7, Jorge Wilson Cortez7
1Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Post Graduation Program in Agricultural Engineer, City of Dourados, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
2Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias/Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), City of Mossoró, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
3Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA Western Agriculture), City of Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
4Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA Beef Cattle), City of Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
5Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, City of Cassilândia, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
6Agronomist, independent consultant
7Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Post-Graduation Program in Agronomy-Crop Science Department, City of Dourados, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
SUMMARY
The purpose of this research was to assess the effects of replacement of native “Cerrado” vegetation (NV) into croplands on soil chemical, physical and microbial properties. This research was carried out on a farm under Rhodic Hapludox soil with different types of agricultural managements systems, and it was used a NV to compare the systems.
Pages 683-692 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7410
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Productivity and quality of soybean seeds of determinate and indeterminate growth types desiccated in pre-harvest
André Ricardo Gomes Bezerra1*, Tuneo Sediyama1, Cosme Damião Cruz2, Francisco Charles dos Santos Silva1, Amilton Ferreira da Silva1, Daniele Piano Rosa1, Luiz Antônio dos Santos Dias1
1Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
2Department of Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
SUMMARY
Desiccation aims to control weeds and cause crop defoliation. The procedure facilitates the work of harvesters, allows earlier harvesting and standardization, and can reduce losses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-harvest desiccation on cycle time, seed yield and seed physiological quality of soybean cultivars of determinate and indeterminate growth types.
Pages 693-700 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7421
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Concentration and accumulation of macronutrients in leaf of coffee berries in the Amazon, Brazil
Danielly Dubberstein¹*, Fabio Luiz Partelli², Jairo Rafael Machado Dias³, Marcelo Curitiba Espindola4
1Programa de pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, CCAUFES, Alegre, ES, Brasil
2Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Centro Universitário Norte do Espirito Santo, CEUNES/UFES, São Mateus, ES, Brasil
3Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, UNIR, Rolim de Moura, RO, Brasil
4Embrapa Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brasil
SUMMARY
Knowledge regarding the behaviour and accumulation of nutrients in coffee berries and leaves is important information for the management of fertilisation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the concentration and accumulation of macronutrients in coffee fruits and leaves under different fertilisation regimes in the south western Amazon, Brazil.
Pages 701-710 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7424
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Characteristics of quince fruits cultivars' (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) grown in Brazil
Magali Leonel1*, Sarita Leonel2, Marco António Tecchio2, Martha Maria Mischan3, Mara Fernandes Moura4, Diego Xavier4
1Center for Tropical Roots and Starches (CERAT), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18610-307, Brazil
2Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
3Departament of Biostatistic, Bioscience Institute (IBB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
4Fruit Center, Campinas Agronomic Institute (IAC), Jundiaí, São Paulo, 13214-820, Brazil
SUMMARY
The fruits of quinces are mostly used to produce food and functional products. Studies on this fruit have increased recently aiming to increase the use of quince fruit as industrial raw material. The present study aimed to evaluate ten different cultivars of quince grown in São Paulo state, Brazil, regarding weight, transverse and longitudinal diameter, skin and pulp color, firmness, pH, acidity, moisture, ash, starch, lipids, fiber and total sugars of fruits, aiming to provide important information to the industrial applicability.
Pages 711-716 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7425
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Genetic diversity of Moroccan bitter vetch Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd. landraces revealed by morphological and SSR markers
Salama El Fatehi1,2, Gilles Béna2,4, Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf2,3, Mohammed Ater1,2*
1Laboratoire Diversité et Conservation des Systèmes Biologiques (LDICOSYB), Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, P.B. 2121, Tétouan, Morocco
2Laboratoire Mixte International (LMI), Université Mohamed V-Agdal & IRD, Avenue Ibn Batouta BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
3Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Université Mohamed V- Agdal, Avenue Ibn Batouta BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
4Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes Environnement, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
SUMMARY
Bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd) is a minor crop in the traditional agroecosystems of north-western Morocco. Polymorphism of microsatellite and morphological markers were used to investigate 19 Moroccan landraces by morphological and molecular markers. Thirteen morphological characters of the seed and pod showed great variability and differentiation between ecotypes.
Pages 717-725 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7432
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Synergistic effects of BAP and kinetin media additives on regeneration of vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L. Nash)
Kanokporn Sompornpailin*, Chonnikarn Khunchuay
College of Nanotechnology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand
Abstract
Regeneration efficiency was enhanced by adding auxin and cytokinin at different concentrations to the media. It was found that the two highest frequencies-90 and 85%-of callus induction occured when the buds were cultured in an MS medium supplemented with 2 mgL-1 a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) plus 1 mgL-1 N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (CIM2) and in the same medium supplemented with 2 mgL-1 NAA plus 1 mgL-1 kinetin (CIM5), respectively.
Pages 726-731 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7439
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Molecular variability and genetic relationships of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars based on inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers
Ahmed Al-Najm1,2, Shuming Luo1, Nabil M. Ahmad1*, Richard Trethowan1
1Plant Breeding Institute, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, University of Sydney, 107 Cobbitty Road, Cobbitty, NSW 2570, Australia
2University of Basrah, Date Palm Research Center, Basrah, Iraq
SUMMARY
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is an important fruit crop in many arid areas and understanding the relatedness among genotypes is important for effective date palm improvement. Inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers were used to assess the molecular variation and genetic diversity of 54 and 12 date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) genotypes collected from Australia and Iraq, respectively. The main objectives were to survey genetic diversity and to determine varietal differences among the collected date palm germplasm.
Pages 732-740 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7491
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Effect of high night temperatures during anthesis on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) pistil and leaf physiology and biochemistry
Dimitra A. Loka*, Derrick M. Oosterhuis
Altheimer Laboratory, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
SUMMARY
Flowering in cotton is a sensitive stage to heat stress but the effects of high night temperatures on cotton’s pistil metabolism are not well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of high night temperatures on the carbohydrate, glutathione reductase and free polyamine content of the cotton pistil and its subtending leaf.
Pages 741-748 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7498
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Expression of genes in cultivated rice and weedy rice in competition
Marcos Andre Nohato1, Daiane de Pinho Benemann1*, Cláudia Oliveira1, Leandro Vargas2, Luis Antonio Avila1, Dirceu Agostinetto1
1Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas, University campus, PO Box 354, CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
2Embrapa Wheat, BR 285 Km 174, PO Box 451, CEP 99001-970, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
SUMMARY
The competition for resources such as light and nitrogen between red rice and cultivated rice can trigger responses in plants that interfere with growth and productivity as well as the expression of genes related to competition-induced stress. Due to its sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity, real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) is an important technique for analyzing differences in gene expression. In this study, we quantified the relative expression levels of genes involved in nitrogen assimilation (OsAMTs, OsGS2 and OsNADH-GOGAT2) and light capture (OsPIL1, OsCRY2 and OsCAB1) in cultivated and red rice in competition under different concentrations of nitrogen (0, 120 and 240 kg ha-1 of nitrogen).
Pages 749-757 | Full Text PDF | DOI:10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7441
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Agronomic characteristics associated with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in the peanut crop
Cristiano Zerbato1*, David Luciano Rosalen1, Carlos Eduardo Angeli Furlani1, Juliano Deghaid1, Murilo Aparecido Voltarelli2
1UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Department Agricultural Engineering, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
2Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Viçosa, MG, Department Agricultural Engineering, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n - 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
SUMMARY
Advances in agricultural technology have led to the development of active remote sensing equipment that can potentially estimate components of crop production; however, this assessment is still in its early stages for the peanut crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) generated by a terrestrial sensor and its relationship with agronomic variables of peanut crops grown at different densities.
Pages 758-764 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.05.p7167
