Volume 10 Issue 3 | March 2016
Table of Contents
10(3) 2016
DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03
10(3) 2016
DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03
Southern Cross Publishing©2016
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA
Australian Journal of Crop Science | March 2016
Volume 10 Number 3 Year 2016
Volume 10 Number 3 Year 2016
The influence of different photosynthetically active radiation levels on Ananas comosus (var. erectifolius LB Smith) plants under multiple cropping systems in the upland region of the Guama River, eastern Amazonia
Iracema Maria Castro Coimbra Cordeiro, Osmar Alves Lameira, Paulo Luiz Contente de Barros, Vanda M. S Andrade*, Francisco de Assis Oliveira, Elaine Cristina Pacheco de Oliveira
Universidade Federal da Amazônia, Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves, 2501, Caixa Postal 917, Belém, PA, 66077-530, Brasil
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental Travessa Enéas Pinheiro, Nº100, Montese, CEP: 66095-100, Belém, Pará, Brasil
Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz s/n, CEP: 68015-110, Santarém, PA, Brasil
Summary
To address the lack of literature on this topic for Ananas comosus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different PAR levels on the growth of this species. Seven treatments were established based on this combination of species. In this study, pluviometric precipitation data and mean percentage values (53, 64, 71 and 100%) of PAR (µmol m-² s-1) were recorded. The highest number of leaves was recorded in the treatments in which the plants were exposed to 64% PAR. The number of leaves in this treatment was similar to that in the 71% PAR treatment. However, the number of leaves decreased in the plants that were subjected to either the highest (100%) or the lowest (53%) level of PAR.
Pages 272-279 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6270
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Nitrogen supply affects root and shoot amino acid composition in Eucalyptus clones
Eric Victor de Oliveira Ferreira*, Roberto Ferreira Novais, George Regis Dubay, Greice Leal Pereira, Wagner Luiz Araujo, Robert B. Jackson
Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Instituto de Ciências Agrícolas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus de Rio Paranaíba, Brazil
Department of Chemistry, Duke University, USA
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus de Viçosa, Brazil
Department of Biology and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, USA
School of Earth Sciences, Woods Institute for the Environment, and Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Summary
The goal of this study was to evaluate alterations in amino acid composition of young eucalyptus clones as a result of variable N supply. An experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with two Eucalyptus clones (VM-01 and I-144) and six N application rates (0, 0.74, 2.93, 4.39, 5.85, and 8 mmol L-1 of NH4NO3) grown in a nutrient solution in a randomized block design. Amino acid concentrations varied greatly as a function of N supply and depended on the organ (root or leaf) and the genotype evaluated.
Pages 280-290 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6465
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Genetic diversity of lowland sorghum landraces assessed by morphological and microsatellite markers
Beyene Amelework*, Hussien Shimelis, Pangirayi Tongoona, Mark Laing, Fentahun Mengistu
African Center for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
West African Center for Crop Improvement, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana PMB LG 30, Legon, Ghana
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Summary
The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity in lowland sorghum landraces using 25 agro-morphological and 30 microsatellite markers. Phenotypic diversity of 267 genotypes originated from Ethiopia was determined using diversity indices, principal component, cluster, and discriminant analyses. High phenotypic diversity indices were recorded, ranging from 0.67 to 1.00, with a mean of 0.88.
Pages 291-298 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6665 | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6665.supl
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Factors influencing the efficiency of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and regeneration in Brussels sprouts
Lucy Gitonga*, Graham Collins
National Horticultural Research Center, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, P.O box 01000-220, Thika, Kenya
Department of Horticulture, Durban University of Technology, 41-43 ML Sultan Road, MB5-19 Building, Durban, South Africa
Department of Horticulture, Viticulture and Oenology, Plant Research Centre, Waite Campus, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
Summary
An efficient method for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of Brussels sprouts was developed. We tested two strains, LBA4404 and EHA105 both with the binary vector p35SGUSINT containing the NPT11 gene for kanamycin resistance. Explants were derived from in vitro-grown seedlings of two commercial cultivars, Winter Pick and Troika. Transformation and regeneration efficiency were based on transient GUS expression and the ability of the explants to grow on media supplemented with kanamycin. Factors influencing GUS expression and shoot regeneration included the plant genotype, the A. tumefaciens strain, and the explant type.
Pages 299-306 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6826 | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6826.supl
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Effects of silicon (Si) fertilization on gas exchange and production in Brachiaria
Marcos Vinícius Mansano Sarto*, Maria do Carmo Lana, Leandro Rampim, Jean Sérgio Rosset, Adriano Mitio Inagaki, Doglas Bassegio
São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Crop Science, Lageado Experimental Farm, José Barbosa de Barros Street, 1780, P.O. Box 237, 18610-307 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
West Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Center for Agriculture Sciences, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brazil
State University of Midwest (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil
State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Mundo Novo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Summary
In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the application of CaSiO3 increased Si content in plants and interfered with gas exchange and production components in Brachiaria. The CaSiO3 application to the soil increases Si concentration in the leaves. Si in plants reduces internal CO2 concentration and increases the efficiency of water use and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency. In soils with low pH and a high Al+3 level, which is toxic, reduction in plant sweating increases the intrinsic efficiency of water use in Brachiaria. Si helped to alleviate the toxic effects of Al+3.
Pages 307-313 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6864
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Gibberellic acid induces parthenocarpy and increases fruit size in the ‘Gefner’ custard apple (Annona cherimola x Annona squamosa)
Rayane Carneiro dos Santos, Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira*, Débora Souza Mendes, Raquel Rodrigues Soares Sobral, Silvia Nietsche, Gisele Polete Mizobutsi, Bruna Hanielle Carneiro dos Santos
Departamento Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39440-000, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Summary
The present study aimed to evaluate the combined use of gibberellic acid (GA3) and hand pollination with Annona squamosa pollen grains on fruit set and the physical and chemical parameters of 'Gefner' custard apple fruits. A significant difference among the treatments was not observed for fruit set, presenting an average of 77% at the 18th WAA. Three applications of 500 ppm GA3 plus hand pollination induced the production of fruits with increased length, diameter and mass. Fruits produced by hand pollination alone or combined with GA3 had a lower percentage of fruit peel. The use of 1,500 ppm of gibberellic acid is efficient for producing seedless fruits in custard apple with high physical and chemical parameters.
Pages 314-321 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6911
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Interference of seeding and regrowth of signalgrass weed (Urochloa decumbens) during the initial development of Eucalyptus urograndis (E. grandis × E. urophylla)
Allan Lopes Bacha, Fernanda Campos Mastrotti Pereira, Rodrigo Neto Pires*, Mariluce Pascoina Nepomuceno, Pedro Luís da Costa Aguiar Alves
Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP [Sao Paulo State University], Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo State, Brasil
School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Perth - Western Australia, Australia
Summary
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different densities and distances of Urochloa decumbens seeded and regrowth during the early growth of Eucalyptus urograndis. The height and diameter of eucalyptus were evaluated 15 days intervals, and at the end of 90 days after eucalyptus planting (DAP) the leaf area and dry mass were measured. For a density of U. decumbens plants that were seeded at a density of 2.6 plants m-2, 90 days after Eucalyptus planting (DAP), there was a decrease in the height (20%), stem diameter (10%), leaf area (55%) and dry mass (48%). For the regrowth of U. decumbens at a density of 2.6 plants m-2 at 90 DAP, the height (47%), stem diameter (55%), leaf area (89%) and dry mass (87%) decreased.
Pages 322-330 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6995
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Nutrition in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L) as affected by light: revealing a new role of phytochrome A
Rogério F. Carvalho, Leandro R. Moda, Gilmara P. Silva, Marina a. gavassi, Renato M. Prado*
Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, 14884-900, Brazil
Department of Soil and Fertilizer, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, 14884-900, Brazil
Summary
The far red light insensitive (fri) mutant of tomato, which is phytochrome A (phyA) deficient, displays some characteristics that have recently indicated important functions of this photoreceptor in water relations. With respect to the relationship between nutrition and water relations, we investigated the growth and nutritional status of fri supplied with Hoagland's complete solution and solutions with the individual omission of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S).
Pages 331-335 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7075
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Operational performance of tractor running with diesel and biodiesel from buriti oil (Mauritia flexuosa)
Priscila Sawasaki Iamaguti*, Afonso Lopes, Melina Cais Jejcic de Oliveira, Murilo Coelho Theodoro Neves, Thyago Augusto Medeiro Lira, Thaisa Calvo Fugineri Moreti, Leomar Paulo de Lima, Gilberto Hirotsugu Azevedo Koike
Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Campus Jaboticabal/SP, Access Road Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, Zip Code: 14884-900 Jaboticabal/SP - Brazil
Instituto Federal do Triângulo Mineiro- IFTMG, Campus Uberlândia/MG, Fazenda Sobradinho, Zip code: 38400-970 Uberlândia/MG - Brazil - Post Office Box: 592
Autonomous Consultant - Ribeirão Preto/SP - Brazil
Summary
Biodiesel is made from vegetable oils, animal fats or residual oil by reaction with ethanol or methanol, renewable fuel sources decrease environmental problems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the operational performance and smoke density of an agricultural tractor running ethyl biodiesel from buriti oil (Mauritia flexuosa), diesel B S50 and diesel B S1800. Each type of diesel was mixed with biodiesel according proportions B0, B5, B15, B25, B50 and B75, in which the number indicates the percentage of biodiesel in diesel.
Pages 336-341 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7079
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Rice varieties exhibit different mechanisms for Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE)
Cassia Pereira Coelho*, Leandro Azevedo Santos, Rafael Passos Rangel, Marcus Vinícius Loss Sperandio, Carlos Alberto Bucher, Sonia Regina de Souza, Manlio Silvestre Fernandes
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Solos, Instituto de Agronomia, Rodovia BR 465 Km 7 Seropédica-RJ 23890-000, Brazil
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Instituto de Agronomia, Rodovia BR 465 Km 7 Seropédica RJ 23890-000, Brazil
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Rodovia BR 465 Km 7 Seropédica-RJ 23890-000, Brazil
Summary
This study evaluated parameters that contribute to NUE in two tropical japonica rice varieties contrasting in nitrogen remobilization efficiency (NRE) and nitrate-uptake kinetics: IAC-47 (bred for high-input farming), and Piauí (a landrace from the state of Maranhão, Brazil). We analyzed the nitrogen soluble fractions, soluble sugars, dry matter production, total N, crude protein in grains, NUE parameters, and expression and activity of glutamine synthetase (GS).
Pages 342-352 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7085
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Crop rotation affects soybean performance in no-tillage system under optimal and dry cropping seasons
Mirianny Elena Freitas, Luiz Carlos Ferreira de Souza, Júlio Cesar Salton, Ademar Pereira Serra, Munir Mauad, Jorge Wilson Cortez, Marlene Estevão Marchetti
Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Post Graduation Program in Agronomy - Crop science, City of Dourados, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), City of Dourados, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), City of Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Summary
The purpose of this research was to assess the crop rotation effects on agronomic traits of soybean in optimal (OCS) and dry cropping seasons (DCS). It was observed that in drought stress (DCS), the number of branches decreased, this reduction was 36% in relation to OCS. For the traits as plant height, first pod height, 1000-grain weight and yield, it was showed small values in DCS in contrast to OCS. It is feasible to introduce these cover crops in fall-winter season to make part of a crop rotation system. The number of pod per plant showed higher values under the crop rotation of corn/rapeseed/soybean, which showed highly associated with the soybean grain yield. This research brought options for cover crops system to be viable in no-till system with soybean in spring-summer season.
Pages 353-361 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7177
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Accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in sugarcane cultivated under different types of water management and doses of nitrogen
Andréa Raquel Fernandes Carlos da Costa, Mário Monteiro Rolim, Edna Maria Bonfim-Silva*, Djalma Euzébio Simões Neto, Elvira Regis Maria Pedrosa, Ênio Farias França e Silva
Department of Agricultural Engineering, University Federal Rural of Pernambuco, 52.171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
Institut of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Federal University of Mato Grosso Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rondonopolis, Mato Grosso, Brazil
Sugarcane Experimental Station of Carpina, University Federal Rural of Pernambuco, 55.810-700, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
Summary
Availability of water in soil together with an adequate supply of nitrogen are factors that can influence the accumulation and storage of nutrients by plants, making it essential for the growth and development of crops. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different types of water managements (M) and application of varying doses of nitrogen (N) in dry biomass accumulation (DB), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), in the different organs of the sugarcane plant (leaf, tip and culm).
Pages 362-369 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7205
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Performance of Ethiopian bread wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) genotypes under contrasting water regimes: potential sources of variability for drought resistance breeding
Habtamu Ayalew, Tadesse Dessalegn, Hui Liu, Guijun Yan*
School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and the UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Debre Markos University, PO Box 269 Debre Markos, Ethiopia
East African Agricultural Productivity Project, Wheat Regional Centre of Excellence, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 439, Assela, Ethiopia
Summary
This experiment evaluated 248 Ethiopian bread wheat genotypes under water stress and non-stress growing conditions. Augmented complete block design with three blocks and eight replicated entries was used. Analysis of variance showed significant diversity among the genotypes in reaction to water stress. The average root and shoot lengths were reduced by 33.4% and 28.8%, respectively, due to water stress.
Pages 370-376 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7230 | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7230x
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Variations in micronutrients, bread quality and agronomic traits of wheat landrace varieties and commercial cultivars
Bahram Heidari, Sedighe Padash, Ali Dadkhodaie
Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, 65186-71441, Shiraz, Iran
Summary
The objectives of this study were to investigate variations in micronutrients, bread making quality and their relationships with grain yield (GY) in wheat. Fifty landrace varieties and 10 commercial cultivars were grown in a RCBD with no micronutrient fertilizer. Zinc (Zn+2) and iron (Fe+2) contents as mg kg-1 dry weight, dry gluten (Glu), sodium do-decyl sulfate (SDS) volume, grain hardness (GH), zeleny sedimentation volume (ZSV), grain protein content (Gpc), hectoliter weight (HW) and agronomic traits were assayed. Iron and Zinc concentrations were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (Shimadzu AA-670). Landraces had higher Fe+2 (24.93 to 66.51), Zn+2 (18.68 to 38.66) and GY (6.2 to 11.8 g) compared with commercial cultivars.
Pages 377-384 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7231 | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7231x
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Development of clonal seedlings of promising Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) genotypes
André Monzoli Covre*, Luciano Canal, Fábio Luiz Partelli, Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre, Adésio Ferreira, Henrique Duarte Vieira
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Rodovia BR-101 Norte, Km 60, Bairro Litorâneo, CEP 29932-540, São Mateus, ES, Brazil
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Florestais e da Madeira, Avenida Governador Lindemberg, 316, Centro, CEP 29550-000, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Alto Universitário, s/nº, Guararema, Cx. postal 16, CEP 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agrárias, Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2.000, Parque Califórnia, CEP 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
Summary
Conilon coffee is a highly heterozygous diploid plant that is also allogamous, producing seeds through cross-fertilisation. Due to their allogamy, plants of seminiferous origin are highly heterogeneous, exhibiting high morphological and genetic diversity. However, propagation through cutting guarantees the maximum homogeneity of fields, particularly in grain maturation, among other desirable characteristics. Currently, the majority of commercial Conilon coffee is planted using seedlings propagated by cuttings. Studying the juvenile behaviour of different clonal genotypes of the Conilon coffee plant represents an important tool to assist with the establishment of this crop. The objective of this study was to assess the growth, development and genetic diversity in several promising genotypes of the Conilon coffee plant based on the morphological characteristics of seedlings propagated by cutting.
Pages 385-392 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7235
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Applying wood ash and soil moisture on gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus) cultivation
Marcel Thomas Job Pereira, Tonny José Araújo da Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim-Silva,*, Renata Bachin Mazzini-Guedes
Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rondonopolis, Mato Grosso, Brazil
Summary
The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of gladiolus plants cultivated in the Cerrado Rhodic Hapludox and subjected to doses of wood ash and volumetric soil moistures. Treatments were composed of five doses of wood ash (0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 g dm-3), and five volumetric soil moistures (7, 14, 21, 28, and 35%). Results were analyzed using the response surface methodology with SAS software.
Pages 393-401 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7236
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Morpho-physiology and oil yield of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) as a function of salinity and the cationic nature of irrigation water
Geovani Soares de Lima*, Hans Raj Gheyi, Reginaldo Gomes Nobre, Diego Azevedo Xavier, Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos Soares, Jônatas Raulino Marques de Sousa
Federal University of Campina Grande, Academic Unit of Agricultural Engineering, Campina Grande, 58.109-970, Paraíba, Brazil
Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, Nucleus of Soil and Water Engineering, Cruz das Almas, 44.380-000, Bahia, Brazil
Federal University of Campina Grande, Academic Unit of Agricultural Science, Pombal, 58.840-000, Paraíba, Brazil
Fellow of CNPq Reseach Productivity, level 1A, Brazil
Fellow of CNPq Research Productivity, level 2, Brazil
Summary
This study aimed to evaluate the morpho-physiology and oil yield of castor bean (cultivar ‘BRS Energia’) as a function of irrigation water salinity and cationic nature. Six combinations of cations and water electrical conductivity (ECw) were studied (S1 - Control; S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Na++Ca2+; S5 - K+ and S6 - Na++Ca2++Mg2+), in a randomized block design, with four replicates and five plants in each plot. Plants in the control treatment (S1) were irrigated using water of 0.6 dS m-1, while the other treatments were irrigated using water of 4.5 dS m-1, prepared using chloride salts of different cations.
Pages 402-410 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7246
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Genetic gain estimates and selection of S1 progenies based on selection indices and REML/ BLUP in super sweet corn
Geovana Cremonini Entringer*, Julio Cesar Fiorio Vettorazzi, Eileen Azevedo Santos, Messias Gonzaga Pereira and Alexandre Pio Viana, Brazil
Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Avenida Alberto Lamego, no 2000, Parque Califórnia, Cep 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
Summary
This study aimed to compare estimates of genetic gains using four indices of selection, based on the least squares method and the additive index through the multi-trait REML/BLUP (Best linear unbiased prediction/restricted maximum likelihood) to perform a selection early in S1 families. Eighty S1 testcross hybrids were proportionally separated into two groups: the CIMMYT-SH (CSH) and CIMMYT-8HS (C8HS) populations and assessed for main trait required by the market. The selection indices Smith & Hazel, Williams, Pesek & Baker, Mulamba & Mock and the additive multi-trait REML/BLUP were tested. The estimated gains from selection were assessed for each group (CSH and C8HS) separately, so as to maintain the identity of each population.
Pages 411-417 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7248
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Soil chemical properties, growth and production of sunflower under fertilization with biochar and NPK
Guilherme de Freitas Furtado, Lúcia Helena Garófalo Chaves, Jônatas Raulino Marques de Sousa, Nair Helena Castro Arriel, Diego Azevedo Xavier, Geovani Soares de Lima
Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Av. Aprigio Veloso, 882, CEP 58429-900, Campina Grande, Estado da Paraíba, Brasil
Embrapa Algodão, Rua Oswaldo Cruz, 1.143, Bairro Centenário, CEP 58428-095 Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
Summary
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fertilization with poultry litter biochar in combination with mineral fertilizer on soil chemical attributes, growth and yield components of sunflower. For this purpose, a greenhouse experiment was carried out in pots with a capacity of 20 dm3 under randomized design, with treatments arranged in a factorial 5 × 4 design with four replicates.
Pages 418-424 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7306
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Growth, nutrient concentration and principal component analysis of Cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC.) seedlings grown in nutrient solution
Layara Alexandre Bessa*, Marialva Alvarenga Moreira, Fabiano Guimarães Silva, Clenilso Sehnen Mota, Luciana Cristina Vitorino
Instituto Federal Goiano, Câmpus Rio Verde, Rodovia Sul Goiana Km 01, Rio Verde-GO, Brazil
Federal University of Viçosa, Avenue Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
Estadual University of Santa Catarina, Avenue Madre Benvenuta, Itacorubi, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil
Summary
Cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC.) is a native fruit tree with high economical potential from the Brazilian Cerrado. However, little is known about the essential nutritional demands of its seedlings. To determine the nutrient demands of Cagaita, a greenhouse experiment was performed, in which plants were grown under hydroponic condition to assess the growth (length and diameter of stems, number of leaves, number of nodes, volume and length of roots, area of the leaf and crown and total dry weight of the leaves, stems and roots) and nutrient concentration (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) at different time points after the plant were transferred into a nutrient solution. The seedling growth presented linear behavior until 180 days after transplantation.
Pages 425-433 | Full Text PDF
Iracema Maria Castro Coimbra Cordeiro, Osmar Alves Lameira, Paulo Luiz Contente de Barros, Vanda M. S Andrade*, Francisco de Assis Oliveira, Elaine Cristina Pacheco de Oliveira
Universidade Federal da Amazônia, Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves, 2501, Caixa Postal 917, Belém, PA, 66077-530, Brasil
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental Travessa Enéas Pinheiro, Nº100, Montese, CEP: 66095-100, Belém, Pará, Brasil
Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz s/n, CEP: 68015-110, Santarém, PA, Brasil
Summary
To address the lack of literature on this topic for Ananas comosus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different PAR levels on the growth of this species. Seven treatments were established based on this combination of species. In this study, pluviometric precipitation data and mean percentage values (53, 64, 71 and 100%) of PAR (µmol m-² s-1) were recorded. The highest number of leaves was recorded in the treatments in which the plants were exposed to 64% PAR. The number of leaves in this treatment was similar to that in the 71% PAR treatment. However, the number of leaves decreased in the plants that were subjected to either the highest (100%) or the lowest (53%) level of PAR.
Pages 272-279 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6270
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Nitrogen supply affects root and shoot amino acid composition in Eucalyptus clones
Eric Victor de Oliveira Ferreira*, Roberto Ferreira Novais, George Regis Dubay, Greice Leal Pereira, Wagner Luiz Araujo, Robert B. Jackson
Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Instituto de Ciências Agrícolas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus de Rio Paranaíba, Brazil
Department of Chemistry, Duke University, USA
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus de Viçosa, Brazil
Department of Biology and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, USA
School of Earth Sciences, Woods Institute for the Environment, and Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Summary
The goal of this study was to evaluate alterations in amino acid composition of young eucalyptus clones as a result of variable N supply. An experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with two Eucalyptus clones (VM-01 and I-144) and six N application rates (0, 0.74, 2.93, 4.39, 5.85, and 8 mmol L-1 of NH4NO3) grown in a nutrient solution in a randomized block design. Amino acid concentrations varied greatly as a function of N supply and depended on the organ (root or leaf) and the genotype evaluated.
Pages 280-290 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6465
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Genetic diversity of lowland sorghum landraces assessed by morphological and microsatellite markers
Beyene Amelework*, Hussien Shimelis, Pangirayi Tongoona, Mark Laing, Fentahun Mengistu
African Center for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
West African Center for Crop Improvement, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana PMB LG 30, Legon, Ghana
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Summary
The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity in lowland sorghum landraces using 25 agro-morphological and 30 microsatellite markers. Phenotypic diversity of 267 genotypes originated from Ethiopia was determined using diversity indices, principal component, cluster, and discriminant analyses. High phenotypic diversity indices were recorded, ranging from 0.67 to 1.00, with a mean of 0.88.
Pages 291-298 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6665 | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6665.supl
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Factors influencing the efficiency of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and regeneration in Brussels sprouts
Lucy Gitonga*, Graham Collins
National Horticultural Research Center, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, P.O box 01000-220, Thika, Kenya
Department of Horticulture, Durban University of Technology, 41-43 ML Sultan Road, MB5-19 Building, Durban, South Africa
Department of Horticulture, Viticulture and Oenology, Plant Research Centre, Waite Campus, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
Summary
An efficient method for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of Brussels sprouts was developed. We tested two strains, LBA4404 and EHA105 both with the binary vector p35SGUSINT containing the NPT11 gene for kanamycin resistance. Explants were derived from in vitro-grown seedlings of two commercial cultivars, Winter Pick and Troika. Transformation and regeneration efficiency were based on transient GUS expression and the ability of the explants to grow on media supplemented with kanamycin. Factors influencing GUS expression and shoot regeneration included the plant genotype, the A. tumefaciens strain, and the explant type.
Pages 299-306 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6826 | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6826.supl
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Effects of silicon (Si) fertilization on gas exchange and production in Brachiaria
Marcos Vinícius Mansano Sarto*, Maria do Carmo Lana, Leandro Rampim, Jean Sérgio Rosset, Adriano Mitio Inagaki, Doglas Bassegio
São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Crop Science, Lageado Experimental Farm, José Barbosa de Barros Street, 1780, P.O. Box 237, 18610-307 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
West Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Center for Agriculture Sciences, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brazil
State University of Midwest (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil
State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Mundo Novo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Summary
In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the application of CaSiO3 increased Si content in plants and interfered with gas exchange and production components in Brachiaria. The CaSiO3 application to the soil increases Si concentration in the leaves. Si in plants reduces internal CO2 concentration and increases the efficiency of water use and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency. In soils with low pH and a high Al+3 level, which is toxic, reduction in plant sweating increases the intrinsic efficiency of water use in Brachiaria. Si helped to alleviate the toxic effects of Al+3.
Pages 307-313 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6864
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Gibberellic acid induces parthenocarpy and increases fruit size in the ‘Gefner’ custard apple (Annona cherimola x Annona squamosa)
Rayane Carneiro dos Santos, Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira*, Débora Souza Mendes, Raquel Rodrigues Soares Sobral, Silvia Nietsche, Gisele Polete Mizobutsi, Bruna Hanielle Carneiro dos Santos
Departamento Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39440-000, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Summary
The present study aimed to evaluate the combined use of gibberellic acid (GA3) and hand pollination with Annona squamosa pollen grains on fruit set and the physical and chemical parameters of 'Gefner' custard apple fruits. A significant difference among the treatments was not observed for fruit set, presenting an average of 77% at the 18th WAA. Three applications of 500 ppm GA3 plus hand pollination induced the production of fruits with increased length, diameter and mass. Fruits produced by hand pollination alone or combined with GA3 had a lower percentage of fruit peel. The use of 1,500 ppm of gibberellic acid is efficient for producing seedless fruits in custard apple with high physical and chemical parameters.
Pages 314-321 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6911
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Interference of seeding and regrowth of signalgrass weed (Urochloa decumbens) during the initial development of Eucalyptus urograndis (E. grandis × E. urophylla)
Allan Lopes Bacha, Fernanda Campos Mastrotti Pereira, Rodrigo Neto Pires*, Mariluce Pascoina Nepomuceno, Pedro Luís da Costa Aguiar Alves
Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP [Sao Paulo State University], Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo State, Brasil
School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Perth - Western Australia, Australia
Summary
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different densities and distances of Urochloa decumbens seeded and regrowth during the early growth of Eucalyptus urograndis. The height and diameter of eucalyptus were evaluated 15 days intervals, and at the end of 90 days after eucalyptus planting (DAP) the leaf area and dry mass were measured. For a density of U. decumbens plants that were seeded at a density of 2.6 plants m-2, 90 days after Eucalyptus planting (DAP), there was a decrease in the height (20%), stem diameter (10%), leaf area (55%) and dry mass (48%). For the regrowth of U. decumbens at a density of 2.6 plants m-2 at 90 DAP, the height (47%), stem diameter (55%), leaf area (89%) and dry mass (87%) decreased.
Pages 322-330 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p6995
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Nutrition in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L) as affected by light: revealing a new role of phytochrome A
Rogério F. Carvalho, Leandro R. Moda, Gilmara P. Silva, Marina a. gavassi, Renato M. Prado*
Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, 14884-900, Brazil
Department of Soil and Fertilizer, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, 14884-900, Brazil
Summary
The far red light insensitive (fri) mutant of tomato, which is phytochrome A (phyA) deficient, displays some characteristics that have recently indicated important functions of this photoreceptor in water relations. With respect to the relationship between nutrition and water relations, we investigated the growth and nutritional status of fri supplied with Hoagland's complete solution and solutions with the individual omission of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S).
Pages 331-335 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7075
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Operational performance of tractor running with diesel and biodiesel from buriti oil (Mauritia flexuosa)
Priscila Sawasaki Iamaguti*, Afonso Lopes, Melina Cais Jejcic de Oliveira, Murilo Coelho Theodoro Neves, Thyago Augusto Medeiro Lira, Thaisa Calvo Fugineri Moreti, Leomar Paulo de Lima, Gilberto Hirotsugu Azevedo Koike
Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Campus Jaboticabal/SP, Access Road Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, Zip Code: 14884-900 Jaboticabal/SP - Brazil
Instituto Federal do Triângulo Mineiro- IFTMG, Campus Uberlândia/MG, Fazenda Sobradinho, Zip code: 38400-970 Uberlândia/MG - Brazil - Post Office Box: 592
Autonomous Consultant - Ribeirão Preto/SP - Brazil
Summary
Biodiesel is made from vegetable oils, animal fats or residual oil by reaction with ethanol or methanol, renewable fuel sources decrease environmental problems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the operational performance and smoke density of an agricultural tractor running ethyl biodiesel from buriti oil (Mauritia flexuosa), diesel B S50 and diesel B S1800. Each type of diesel was mixed with biodiesel according proportions B0, B5, B15, B25, B50 and B75, in which the number indicates the percentage of biodiesel in diesel.
Pages 336-341 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7079
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Rice varieties exhibit different mechanisms for Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE)
Cassia Pereira Coelho*, Leandro Azevedo Santos, Rafael Passos Rangel, Marcus Vinícius Loss Sperandio, Carlos Alberto Bucher, Sonia Regina de Souza, Manlio Silvestre Fernandes
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Solos, Instituto de Agronomia, Rodovia BR 465 Km 7 Seropédica-RJ 23890-000, Brazil
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Instituto de Agronomia, Rodovia BR 465 Km 7 Seropédica RJ 23890-000, Brazil
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Rodovia BR 465 Km 7 Seropédica-RJ 23890-000, Brazil
Summary
This study evaluated parameters that contribute to NUE in two tropical japonica rice varieties contrasting in nitrogen remobilization efficiency (NRE) and nitrate-uptake kinetics: IAC-47 (bred for high-input farming), and Piauí (a landrace from the state of Maranhão, Brazil). We analyzed the nitrogen soluble fractions, soluble sugars, dry matter production, total N, crude protein in grains, NUE parameters, and expression and activity of glutamine synthetase (GS).
Pages 342-352 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7085
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Crop rotation affects soybean performance in no-tillage system under optimal and dry cropping seasons
Mirianny Elena Freitas, Luiz Carlos Ferreira de Souza, Júlio Cesar Salton, Ademar Pereira Serra, Munir Mauad, Jorge Wilson Cortez, Marlene Estevão Marchetti
Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Post Graduation Program in Agronomy - Crop science, City of Dourados, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), City of Dourados, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), City of Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Summary
The purpose of this research was to assess the crop rotation effects on agronomic traits of soybean in optimal (OCS) and dry cropping seasons (DCS). It was observed that in drought stress (DCS), the number of branches decreased, this reduction was 36% in relation to OCS. For the traits as plant height, first pod height, 1000-grain weight and yield, it was showed small values in DCS in contrast to OCS. It is feasible to introduce these cover crops in fall-winter season to make part of a crop rotation system. The number of pod per plant showed higher values under the crop rotation of corn/rapeseed/soybean, which showed highly associated with the soybean grain yield. This research brought options for cover crops system to be viable in no-till system with soybean in spring-summer season.
Pages 353-361 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7177
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Accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in sugarcane cultivated under different types of water management and doses of nitrogen
Andréa Raquel Fernandes Carlos da Costa, Mário Monteiro Rolim, Edna Maria Bonfim-Silva*, Djalma Euzébio Simões Neto, Elvira Regis Maria Pedrosa, Ênio Farias França e Silva
Department of Agricultural Engineering, University Federal Rural of Pernambuco, 52.171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
Institut of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Federal University of Mato Grosso Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rondonopolis, Mato Grosso, Brazil
Sugarcane Experimental Station of Carpina, University Federal Rural of Pernambuco, 55.810-700, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
Summary
Availability of water in soil together with an adequate supply of nitrogen are factors that can influence the accumulation and storage of nutrients by plants, making it essential for the growth and development of crops. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different types of water managements (M) and application of varying doses of nitrogen (N) in dry biomass accumulation (DB), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), in the different organs of the sugarcane plant (leaf, tip and culm).
Pages 362-369 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7205
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Performance of Ethiopian bread wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) genotypes under contrasting water regimes: potential sources of variability for drought resistance breeding
Habtamu Ayalew, Tadesse Dessalegn, Hui Liu, Guijun Yan*
School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and the UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Debre Markos University, PO Box 269 Debre Markos, Ethiopia
East African Agricultural Productivity Project, Wheat Regional Centre of Excellence, Kulumsa Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 439, Assela, Ethiopia
Summary
This experiment evaluated 248 Ethiopian bread wheat genotypes under water stress and non-stress growing conditions. Augmented complete block design with three blocks and eight replicated entries was used. Analysis of variance showed significant diversity among the genotypes in reaction to water stress. The average root and shoot lengths were reduced by 33.4% and 28.8%, respectively, due to water stress.
Pages 370-376 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7230 | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7230x
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Variations in micronutrients, bread quality and agronomic traits of wheat landrace varieties and commercial cultivars
Bahram Heidari, Sedighe Padash, Ali Dadkhodaie
Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, 65186-71441, Shiraz, Iran
Summary
The objectives of this study were to investigate variations in micronutrients, bread making quality and their relationships with grain yield (GY) in wheat. Fifty landrace varieties and 10 commercial cultivars were grown in a RCBD with no micronutrient fertilizer. Zinc (Zn+2) and iron (Fe+2) contents as mg kg-1 dry weight, dry gluten (Glu), sodium do-decyl sulfate (SDS) volume, grain hardness (GH), zeleny sedimentation volume (ZSV), grain protein content (Gpc), hectoliter weight (HW) and agronomic traits were assayed. Iron and Zinc concentrations were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (Shimadzu AA-670). Landraces had higher Fe+2 (24.93 to 66.51), Zn+2 (18.68 to 38.66) and GY (6.2 to 11.8 g) compared with commercial cultivars.
Pages 377-384 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7231 | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7231x
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Development of clonal seedlings of promising Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) genotypes
André Monzoli Covre*, Luciano Canal, Fábio Luiz Partelli, Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre, Adésio Ferreira, Henrique Duarte Vieira
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Rodovia BR-101 Norte, Km 60, Bairro Litorâneo, CEP 29932-540, São Mateus, ES, Brazil
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Florestais e da Madeira, Avenida Governador Lindemberg, 316, Centro, CEP 29550-000, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Alto Universitário, s/nº, Guararema, Cx. postal 16, CEP 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agrárias, Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2.000, Parque Califórnia, CEP 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
Summary
Conilon coffee is a highly heterozygous diploid plant that is also allogamous, producing seeds through cross-fertilisation. Due to their allogamy, plants of seminiferous origin are highly heterogeneous, exhibiting high morphological and genetic diversity. However, propagation through cutting guarantees the maximum homogeneity of fields, particularly in grain maturation, among other desirable characteristics. Currently, the majority of commercial Conilon coffee is planted using seedlings propagated by cuttings. Studying the juvenile behaviour of different clonal genotypes of the Conilon coffee plant represents an important tool to assist with the establishment of this crop. The objective of this study was to assess the growth, development and genetic diversity in several promising genotypes of the Conilon coffee plant based on the morphological characteristics of seedlings propagated by cutting.
Pages 385-392 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7235
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Applying wood ash and soil moisture on gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus) cultivation
Marcel Thomas Job Pereira, Tonny José Araújo da Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim-Silva,*, Renata Bachin Mazzini-Guedes
Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Rondonopolis, Mato Grosso, Brazil
Summary
The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of gladiolus plants cultivated in the Cerrado Rhodic Hapludox and subjected to doses of wood ash and volumetric soil moistures. Treatments were composed of five doses of wood ash (0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 g dm-3), and five volumetric soil moistures (7, 14, 21, 28, and 35%). Results were analyzed using the response surface methodology with SAS software.
Pages 393-401 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7236
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Morpho-physiology and oil yield of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) as a function of salinity and the cationic nature of irrigation water
Geovani Soares de Lima*, Hans Raj Gheyi, Reginaldo Gomes Nobre, Diego Azevedo Xavier, Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos Soares, Jônatas Raulino Marques de Sousa
Federal University of Campina Grande, Academic Unit of Agricultural Engineering, Campina Grande, 58.109-970, Paraíba, Brazil
Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, Nucleus of Soil and Water Engineering, Cruz das Almas, 44.380-000, Bahia, Brazil
Federal University of Campina Grande, Academic Unit of Agricultural Science, Pombal, 58.840-000, Paraíba, Brazil
Fellow of CNPq Reseach Productivity, level 1A, Brazil
Fellow of CNPq Research Productivity, level 2, Brazil
Summary
This study aimed to evaluate the morpho-physiology and oil yield of castor bean (cultivar ‘BRS Energia’) as a function of irrigation water salinity and cationic nature. Six combinations of cations and water electrical conductivity (ECw) were studied (S1 - Control; S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Na++Ca2+; S5 - K+ and S6 - Na++Ca2++Mg2+), in a randomized block design, with four replicates and five plants in each plot. Plants in the control treatment (S1) were irrigated using water of 0.6 dS m-1, while the other treatments were irrigated using water of 4.5 dS m-1, prepared using chloride salts of different cations.
Pages 402-410 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7246
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Genetic gain estimates and selection of S1 progenies based on selection indices and REML/ BLUP in super sweet corn
Geovana Cremonini Entringer*, Julio Cesar Fiorio Vettorazzi, Eileen Azevedo Santos, Messias Gonzaga Pereira and Alexandre Pio Viana, Brazil
Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Avenida Alberto Lamego, no 2000, Parque Califórnia, Cep 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
Summary
This study aimed to compare estimates of genetic gains using four indices of selection, based on the least squares method and the additive index through the multi-trait REML/BLUP (Best linear unbiased prediction/restricted maximum likelihood) to perform a selection early in S1 families. Eighty S1 testcross hybrids were proportionally separated into two groups: the CIMMYT-SH (CSH) and CIMMYT-8HS (C8HS) populations and assessed for main trait required by the market. The selection indices Smith & Hazel, Williams, Pesek & Baker, Mulamba & Mock and the additive multi-trait REML/BLUP were tested. The estimated gains from selection were assessed for each group (CSH and C8HS) separately, so as to maintain the identity of each population.
Pages 411-417 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7248
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Soil chemical properties, growth and production of sunflower under fertilization with biochar and NPK
Guilherme de Freitas Furtado, Lúcia Helena Garófalo Chaves, Jônatas Raulino Marques de Sousa, Nair Helena Castro Arriel, Diego Azevedo Xavier, Geovani Soares de Lima
Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Av. Aprigio Veloso, 882, CEP 58429-900, Campina Grande, Estado da Paraíba, Brasil
Embrapa Algodão, Rua Oswaldo Cruz, 1.143, Bairro Centenário, CEP 58428-095 Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
Summary
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fertilization with poultry litter biochar in combination with mineral fertilizer on soil chemical attributes, growth and yield components of sunflower. For this purpose, a greenhouse experiment was carried out in pots with a capacity of 20 dm3 under randomized design, with treatments arranged in a factorial 5 × 4 design with four replicates.
Pages 418-424 | Full Text PDF | DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.03.p7306
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Growth, nutrient concentration and principal component analysis of Cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC.) seedlings grown in nutrient solution
Layara Alexandre Bessa*, Marialva Alvarenga Moreira, Fabiano Guimarães Silva, Clenilso Sehnen Mota, Luciana Cristina Vitorino
Instituto Federal Goiano, Câmpus Rio Verde, Rodovia Sul Goiana Km 01, Rio Verde-GO, Brazil
Federal University of Viçosa, Avenue Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
Estadual University of Santa Catarina, Avenue Madre Benvenuta, Itacorubi, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil
Summary
Cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC.) is a native fruit tree with high economical potential from the Brazilian Cerrado. However, little is known about the essential nutritional demands of its seedlings. To determine the nutrient demands of Cagaita, a greenhouse experiment was performed, in which plants were grown under hydroponic condition to assess the growth (length and diameter of stems, number of leaves, number of nodes, volume and length of roots, area of the leaf and crown and total dry weight of the leaves, stems and roots) and nutrient concentration (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) at different time points after the plant were transferred into a nutrient solution. The seedling growth presented linear behavior until 180 days after transplantation.
Pages 425-433 | Full Text PDF
