Volume 9 Issue 5 | May 2015
Table of Contents
9(5) 2015
9(5) 2015
Southern Cross Publishing Group©2015
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA
Australian Journal of Crop Science | May 2015
Volume 9 Number 5 Year 2015
Volume 9 Number 5 Year 2015
Use of multi-dimensional scaling for analysis of teak plants (Tectona grandis) under omission of macronutrients
Dioclιa Almeida Seabra Silva*, Ismael de Jesus Matos Viιgas, Ricardo Shigueru Okumura , Mαrio Lopes da Silva Jϊnior, Socorro de Fαtima Souza da Silva Viιgas, Joze Melisa Nunes de Freitas, Herαclito Eugκnio Oliveira da Conceiηγo, Cβndido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University Rural of Amazτnia, Belιm city, Brazil
Capanema Campus of the Federal University Rural of Amazτnia, Parα, Brazil
Capitγo Poηo Campus of the Federal University Rural of Amazτnia, Parα, Brazil
University of Amazτnia, Parα, Brazil
Abstract
The aim of this study was to diagnose the deficiency symptoms and evaluate the production of dry matter, contents and accumulation of macronutrients in teak plants (Tectona grandis) grown on substrates with omission of nutrients using the multidimensional scaling analysis. The results showed that omissions of macronutrients cause nutritional deficiency and visual symptoms known to other species as usual. The deficiencies restricted the dry matter production according to the following order: K > N > Mg > Ca > P > S.
Pages 355-362 | Full Text PDF
..
Nutritional diversity in spring wheat with chronological perspective and its association with grain yield
Ghulam Mahboob Subhani*, Javed Ahmad, Abid Subhani, Makhdoom Hussain, Abid Mahmood
Wheat Research Institute, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal, Pakistan
Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Abstract
In this study concentration of mineral nutrients, protein and grain yield were studied to find out potential source of minerals in historical and present spring wheat varieties of Pakistan with the objective to strengthen the hybridization programme and to develop high nutritive wheat. Fifty eight genotypes were sown according to randomized complete block design with three replications. A wide range of diversity was observed among the studied varieties for grain yield, protein and seven mineral in wheat grain.
Pages 363-371 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data PDF
..
A large-effect QTL for grain weight in rice on chromosome 10
Nivedita Singh, Shahana Majumder, O. N. Singh, Prashant Vikram, A. K. Singh, Sanjay Singh*
School of Engineering and technology, Sharda University, New Delhi, India
National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa, New Delhi
Central Rice research Institute, Cuttack, India
College of Agriculture, N. D. University of Agriculture &Technology, Faizabad, UP, India
National Research on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa, New Delhi, India
Abstract
Grain yield of the rice can be enhanced through genetic manipulation of the yield components. Thousand grain weight is an important component which can be improved through conventional as well as molecular breeding approach. A major effect novel genomic region, TGW10, for high grain weight was identified through a bulked segregant analysis approach in Azucena Χ IR64 population. Markers associated with grain weight in this region were RM25719 and RM5352. These markers were located on chromosome 10 at 19.8Mb and 21.1 Mb, respectively.
Pages 372-377 | Full Text PDF
..
Soil compaction and drought stress on shoot and root growth in crambe (Crambe abyssinica)
Patrνcia Pereira Dias*, Deonir Secco, Reginaldo Ferreira Santos, Doglas Bassegio, Felipe Samways Santos, Paulo Roberto Arbex Silva, Saulo Fernando Gomes de Sousa, Tiago Pereira da Silva Correia
Sγo Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Rural Engineering, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
Western Paranα State University (UNIOESTE), Department of Engineering of Energy in Agriculture, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
Sγo Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Crop Science, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of soil compaction and irrigation management on shoot and root growth in crambe. The restriction of the water supply during the stages of flowering and grain filling affects the growth and productivity of crambe. The roots of the crambe plant are not significantly affected by drought conditions or the interaction between drought conditions and soil compaction. Crambe shoot growth was not significantly affected by soil compaction, at soil densities up to 1.35 Mg m-3. Crambe is more sensitive to drought conditions than to soil compaction.
Pages 378-383 | Full Text PDF
..
Characterization of maintainer and restorer lines for wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterility in indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) using pollen fertility and microsatellite (SSR) markers
Pankaj Kumar*, Vinay Kumar Sharma, Bishun Deo Prasad
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar- 848 125, India
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bihar -813 210, India
Abstract
We have studied 4 wild abortive (WA) cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines and 45 pollen parents of diverse origins in order to identify potential restorers and maintainers using test crosses. Pollen viability tests from 85 successful crosses were able to differentiate parental lines into restorers, partial restorers, partial maintainers, and maintainers. Additionally Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were used to characterize 18 selected entries comprising 8 effective restorers, 4 partial restorers, 2 weak maintainers and 4 complete maintainers. Analysis of divergence patterns based on amplification profiles obtained from 34 SSR markers, allowed differentiation of effective fertility restorers from the rest of the entries comprising partial fertility restorers, weak sterility maintainers and complete sterility maintainers.
Pages 384-393 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data PDF
..
Mapping of an andean gene for anthracnose resistance (Co-13) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Jalo Listras Pretas landrace
Giselly Figueiredo Lacanallo and Maria Celeste Gonηalves-Vidigal*
Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringα, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringα, Paranα, Brazil
Abstract
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) andean Jalo Listras Pretas (JLP) landrace is an important source of resistance to anthracnose, which is a widespread disease caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum fungus. This common bean landrace carries Co-13 gene, one of the nine ones identified andean anthracnose resistance genes. The present study set out to identify molecular markers associated with Co-13 by evaluating the segregation patterns of 65 molecular markers, in a F2 population derived from a cross between JLP (resistant to race 73 of C. lindemuthianum) and Cornell 49-242 (susceptible to race 73 of C. lindemuthianum) cultivars.
Pages 394-400 | Full Text PDF
..
Combining ability analysis of tuber yield and related traits and bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum ) resistance in potato
Jane Muthoni*, Hussein Shimelis, Rob Melis
African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences Private Bag X01, Scottsxille 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), National Potato Research Centre, Tigoni, Kenya
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the combining abilities for tuber yield, its components and bacterial wilt resistance on selected potato varieties and clones. Fourteen parents [eight male varieties that are commonly grown in Kenya and six female clones with moderate tolerance to bacterial wilt from the International Potato Center (CIP)] were crossed using the North Carolina II mating design. Significant (P=0.001) GCA effects were observed for males for total tuber weight (TTW) and days to maturity (DTM) while the GCA effects for females were significant (P= 0.001) for TTW and total tuber numbers ha-1(TTN)( P<0.01) at KARI-NARL.
Pages 401-412 | Full Text PDF
..
Sowing time of popcorn during the summer harvest under supplemental irrigation in Ferralic Nitisol and subtropical climate
Odair Josι Marques*, Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho, Carlos Alberto Scapim, Carlos Moacir Bonato, Ricardo Shigueru Okumura, Luciano Ivano da Silva, Renan Soares de Souza
Universidade Federal de Uberlβndia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brasil
Universidade Estadual de Maringα, Maringα, PR, Brazil
Universidade Federal Rural da Amazτnia, Capitγo Poηo, PA, Brasil
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sowing time on the phenotypic response of popcorn grown during the summer harvest (first season), with supplemental irrigation. A delay in sowing time limited both the growth and vegetative development of plants, although the first sowing time of each agricultural year (Oct. 6th 2009 and Oct. 4th 2010) resulted in better phenotypic characteristics of the popcorn crop. Temperature was the environmental factor with the strongest influence on the phenology, growth and vegetative development of popcorn plants. Grain yield decreased 1.1% (46.8 kg ha-1 day-1) for the first sowing time in 2009/2010 and 1.2% (53.2 kg ha-1 day-1) for the first sowing time in 2010/2011. The IAC-125 hybrid surpassed the IAC-112 and produced the best results for most of the evaluated phenotypic characteristics.
Pages 413-423 | Full Text PDF
..
Geostatistical approach for testing wheat lines using a non-replicated design
Lindolfo Storck*, Giovani Benin, Alberto Cargnelutti Filho, Cristiano Lemes da Silva, Samuel Cristian Dallσ, Thiago Duarte, Luiz Henrique Sassi
Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Technology - Paranα (UTFPR), PR 469, km 01, 85501-970, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
Department of Crop, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
Interdepartmental Genetics, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sci. Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the percentage and spatial distribution of check plots in the experimental area and to propose criterion based on a geostatistical analysis for selecting promising non-replicated wheat lines based on their grain yield. In this study, grain yield data (GYo) were obtained from 300 plots, arranged in a 15 row Χ 20 column matrix, from a uniformity trial (one genotype). Multiple scenarios were generated by varying the percentage of check plots, which were randomly determined with 1000 re-samplings to estimate grain yield (GYe) for non-sampled plots using an ordinary kriging method. The correlation between the observed and the ordinary kriging-estimated values in the test area plots demonstrates that this approach can be used to identify superior lines for allocation with non-check plots.
Pages 424-430 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data PDF
..
Chemical attributes of soil fertirrigated with biodigester effluent of swine origin
Arthur Floresta Coletto, Risely Ferraz de Almeida*, Joseph Elias Rodrigues Mikhael, Beno Wendling, Reginaldo Camargo
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ICIAG, University Federal of Uberlandia - UFU, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
Agrarian and Veterinarian Faculty, Sγo Paulo State University (FCAV/UNESP), Department of Exact Sciences, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences Office 104 M.B. Sturgis Hall, LSU Campus, Brazil
Abstract
Swine production is a significant and growing part of Brazilian agriculture. Our objective was to determine nutrient availability in the soil after swine waste applications to pastureland and eucalyptus forestland and then compare these levels to those in the Cerrado (the Brazilian savannah). We concluded that applications of swine waste increased macro/micronutrient availability. Applications of swine waste were associated with higher concentrations of aluminum (Al+3), hydrogen and aluminum (Al+H), total organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon in the Cerrado and higher nutrient concentrations in pastures and eucalyptus stands.
Pages 431-437 | Full Text PDF
..
A simple diagnostic technique to detect potato viruses at post-harvest conditions
Mohamed S. Al-Saikhan
Agriculture of Arid Land Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, 400 Al-Hofuf, Al-Hassa 31981, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
In the present study, a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based protocol for PVX detection was developed and was compared to an enzyme linked immuneosorbent assay (ELISA) based PVX detection methods. Three potato cultivars (Lady Rosetta, Spunta and Hermes) were stored for 1 and 3 months at 4 ΊC (95% RH) Detection of potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), potato virus Y (PVY) and potato virus X (PVX) were carried out on potato leaves and tubers before and after storage using RT-PCR method with specific primers designed to detect these viruses. Spunta and Lady Rosetta have moderate and high resistances, respectively, while Hermes loses in chemical quality progressively during storage at 9°C, and similar has virtually no resistance to LTS at 4°C.
Pages 438-444 | Full Text PDF
..
Long-term effects of four tillage systems and weather conditions on soybean yield and agronomic characteristics in Brazil
Henrique Pereira dos Santos, Renato Serena Fontaneli, Sergio Ricardo Silva*, Anderson Santi, Amauri Colet Verdi, Ana Maria Vargas
National Wheat Research Center, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), PO Box 3081, Passo Fundo, Zip Code 99001-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Passo Fundo University, PO Box 566, Passo Fundo, Zip Code 99001-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effects of four soil management systems on soybean yield and agronomic characteristics, in a 14-cropping-season experiment that was established on an Oxisol in the Rio Grande do Sul state, southern region of Brazil. During the 14 successive crops, conservation systems provided grain yield and plant agronomic characteristics that were similar or significantly better than to those of conventional tillage in the majority of the cropping seasons. The main variations in soybean yield were due to changes in weather conditions that occurred during the study period (172 months), particularly with respect to the impact of water stress on plant development.
Pages 445-452 | Full Text PDF
..
Effects of hybridization and polyploidy on the histone H3 phosphorylation at serine 10 (H3S10ph) in Pennisetum spp. Rich. (Poaceae)
Kαtia Ferreira Marques de Resende, Fernanda Motta da Costa Santos, Cristina Maria Pinto de Paula, Vβnia Helena Techio, Lisete Chamma Davide*
Federal University of Lavras/UFLA - Departament of Biology/DBI - Cytogenetics Laboratory Plant , P. O Box. 3037 - Zip Code 37.200-000, Lavras-Minas Gerais State-Brazil
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of interspecific hybridization and polyploidization on the histone H3 phosphorylation at serine 10 (H3S10ph), using two model species Pennisetum purpureum Schum (elephant grass; 2n=4x=28) and Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. (Millet; 2n=2x=14). The pattern of H3S10ph during mitosis showed coordination in space and time. The pattern was similar in parents and hybrids chromosomes. Phosphorylation was coincident with cohesion restricted to pericentromeric region. In triploid and partial hexaploid hybrids, bridges in anaphase and telophase were found, which showed signals of phosphorylation of H3S10, suggesting loss of chromosome fragments, mainly due the process of hybridization and polyploidization.
Pages 453-457 | Full Text PDF
..
Genetic and population structure of sweet cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) germplasm collected from Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Rebecca Caroline Ulbricht Ferreira, Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho*, Maria Celeste Gonηalves-Vidigal, Leonel Domingos Moiana, Marcus Vinνcius Kvitschal
Programa de Pσs-graduaηγo em Genιtica e Melhoramento, Universidade Estadual de Maringα: Av. Colombo, n. 5790, CEP 87020-570, Maringα, Paranα, Brasil
Instituto de Investigaηγo Agrαria de Moηambique. Av. das FPLM 2698, C.P. 2698, Maputo-Mozambique
Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuαria e Extensγo Rural de Santa Catarina -Epagri /Estaηγo Experimental de Caηador: Rua Abνlio Franco, nΊ 1500, C.P. 591, CEP 89500-000, Caηador, Santa Catarina
Abstract
This study aimed at characterization of diversity genetic and population structure of traditional sweet cassava germplasm at the molecular level. A total of 60 sweet cassava accessions from Campo Grande city, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, and a commercial variety, were analyzed using microsatellite markers. The mean of polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.525 and indicated that the markers used were informative and polymorphic, especially the marker SSRY 13. The heterozygosity observed (Ho) ranged from 0.569 to 0.984, with a mean of 0.862, evidencing the existence of high natural heterozygosis in cassava. Combination of cassava accessions BGM 570 Χ BGM 613 and BGM 570 Χ IAC 576/70 is recommended for obtaining superior segregation in order to improve yield.
Pages 458-467 | Full Text PDF
Dioclιa Almeida Seabra Silva*, Ismael de Jesus Matos Viιgas, Ricardo Shigueru Okumura , Mαrio Lopes da Silva Jϊnior, Socorro de Fαtima Souza da Silva Viιgas, Joze Melisa Nunes de Freitas, Herαclito Eugκnio Oliveira da Conceiηγo, Cβndido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University Rural of Amazτnia, Belιm city, Brazil
Capanema Campus of the Federal University Rural of Amazτnia, Parα, Brazil
Capitγo Poηo Campus of the Federal University Rural of Amazτnia, Parα, Brazil
University of Amazτnia, Parα, Brazil
Abstract
The aim of this study was to diagnose the deficiency symptoms and evaluate the production of dry matter, contents and accumulation of macronutrients in teak plants (Tectona grandis) grown on substrates with omission of nutrients using the multidimensional scaling analysis. The results showed that omissions of macronutrients cause nutritional deficiency and visual symptoms known to other species as usual. The deficiencies restricted the dry matter production according to the following order: K > N > Mg > Ca > P > S.
Pages 355-362 | Full Text PDF
..
Nutritional diversity in spring wheat with chronological perspective and its association with grain yield
Ghulam Mahboob Subhani*, Javed Ahmad, Abid Subhani, Makhdoom Hussain, Abid Mahmood
Wheat Research Institute, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal, Pakistan
Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Abstract
In this study concentration of mineral nutrients, protein and grain yield were studied to find out potential source of minerals in historical and present spring wheat varieties of Pakistan with the objective to strengthen the hybridization programme and to develop high nutritive wheat. Fifty eight genotypes were sown according to randomized complete block design with three replications. A wide range of diversity was observed among the studied varieties for grain yield, protein and seven mineral in wheat grain.
Pages 363-371 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data PDF
..
A large-effect QTL for grain weight in rice on chromosome 10
Nivedita Singh, Shahana Majumder, O. N. Singh, Prashant Vikram, A. K. Singh, Sanjay Singh*
School of Engineering and technology, Sharda University, New Delhi, India
National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa, New Delhi
Central Rice research Institute, Cuttack, India
College of Agriculture, N. D. University of Agriculture &Technology, Faizabad, UP, India
National Research on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa, New Delhi, India
Abstract
Grain yield of the rice can be enhanced through genetic manipulation of the yield components. Thousand grain weight is an important component which can be improved through conventional as well as molecular breeding approach. A major effect novel genomic region, TGW10, for high grain weight was identified through a bulked segregant analysis approach in Azucena Χ IR64 population. Markers associated with grain weight in this region were RM25719 and RM5352. These markers were located on chromosome 10 at 19.8Mb and 21.1 Mb, respectively.
Pages 372-377 | Full Text PDF
..
Soil compaction and drought stress on shoot and root growth in crambe (Crambe abyssinica)
Patrνcia Pereira Dias*, Deonir Secco, Reginaldo Ferreira Santos, Doglas Bassegio, Felipe Samways Santos, Paulo Roberto Arbex Silva, Saulo Fernando Gomes de Sousa, Tiago Pereira da Silva Correia
Sγo Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Rural Engineering, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
Western Paranα State University (UNIOESTE), Department of Engineering of Energy in Agriculture, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
Sγo Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Crop Science, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of soil compaction and irrigation management on shoot and root growth in crambe. The restriction of the water supply during the stages of flowering and grain filling affects the growth and productivity of crambe. The roots of the crambe plant are not significantly affected by drought conditions or the interaction between drought conditions and soil compaction. Crambe shoot growth was not significantly affected by soil compaction, at soil densities up to 1.35 Mg m-3. Crambe is more sensitive to drought conditions than to soil compaction.
Pages 378-383 | Full Text PDF
..
Characterization of maintainer and restorer lines for wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterility in indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) using pollen fertility and microsatellite (SSR) markers
Pankaj Kumar*, Vinay Kumar Sharma, Bishun Deo Prasad
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar- 848 125, India
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bihar -813 210, India
Abstract
We have studied 4 wild abortive (WA) cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines and 45 pollen parents of diverse origins in order to identify potential restorers and maintainers using test crosses. Pollen viability tests from 85 successful crosses were able to differentiate parental lines into restorers, partial restorers, partial maintainers, and maintainers. Additionally Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were used to characterize 18 selected entries comprising 8 effective restorers, 4 partial restorers, 2 weak maintainers and 4 complete maintainers. Analysis of divergence patterns based on amplification profiles obtained from 34 SSR markers, allowed differentiation of effective fertility restorers from the rest of the entries comprising partial fertility restorers, weak sterility maintainers and complete sterility maintainers.
Pages 384-393 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data PDF
..
Mapping of an andean gene for anthracnose resistance (Co-13) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Jalo Listras Pretas landrace
Giselly Figueiredo Lacanallo and Maria Celeste Gonηalves-Vidigal*
Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringα, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringα, Paranα, Brazil
Abstract
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) andean Jalo Listras Pretas (JLP) landrace is an important source of resistance to anthracnose, which is a widespread disease caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum fungus. This common bean landrace carries Co-13 gene, one of the nine ones identified andean anthracnose resistance genes. The present study set out to identify molecular markers associated with Co-13 by evaluating the segregation patterns of 65 molecular markers, in a F2 population derived from a cross between JLP (resistant to race 73 of C. lindemuthianum) and Cornell 49-242 (susceptible to race 73 of C. lindemuthianum) cultivars.
Pages 394-400 | Full Text PDF
..
Combining ability analysis of tuber yield and related traits and bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum ) resistance in potato
Jane Muthoni*, Hussein Shimelis, Rob Melis
African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences Private Bag X01, Scottsxille 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), National Potato Research Centre, Tigoni, Kenya
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the combining abilities for tuber yield, its components and bacterial wilt resistance on selected potato varieties and clones. Fourteen parents [eight male varieties that are commonly grown in Kenya and six female clones with moderate tolerance to bacterial wilt from the International Potato Center (CIP)] were crossed using the North Carolina II mating design. Significant (P=0.001) GCA effects were observed for males for total tuber weight (TTW) and days to maturity (DTM) while the GCA effects for females were significant (P= 0.001) for TTW and total tuber numbers ha-1(TTN)( P<0.01) at KARI-NARL.
Pages 401-412 | Full Text PDF
..
Sowing time of popcorn during the summer harvest under supplemental irrigation in Ferralic Nitisol and subtropical climate
Odair Josι Marques*, Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho, Carlos Alberto Scapim, Carlos Moacir Bonato, Ricardo Shigueru Okumura, Luciano Ivano da Silva, Renan Soares de Souza
Universidade Federal de Uberlβndia, Monte Carmelo, MG, Brasil
Universidade Estadual de Maringα, Maringα, PR, Brazil
Universidade Federal Rural da Amazτnia, Capitγo Poηo, PA, Brasil
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sowing time on the phenotypic response of popcorn grown during the summer harvest (first season), with supplemental irrigation. A delay in sowing time limited both the growth and vegetative development of plants, although the first sowing time of each agricultural year (Oct. 6th 2009 and Oct. 4th 2010) resulted in better phenotypic characteristics of the popcorn crop. Temperature was the environmental factor with the strongest influence on the phenology, growth and vegetative development of popcorn plants. Grain yield decreased 1.1% (46.8 kg ha-1 day-1) for the first sowing time in 2009/2010 and 1.2% (53.2 kg ha-1 day-1) for the first sowing time in 2010/2011. The IAC-125 hybrid surpassed the IAC-112 and produced the best results for most of the evaluated phenotypic characteristics.
Pages 413-423 | Full Text PDF
..
Geostatistical approach for testing wheat lines using a non-replicated design
Lindolfo Storck*, Giovani Benin, Alberto Cargnelutti Filho, Cristiano Lemes da Silva, Samuel Cristian Dallσ, Thiago Duarte, Luiz Henrique Sassi
Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Technology - Paranα (UTFPR), PR 469, km 01, 85501-970, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
Department of Crop, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
Interdepartmental Genetics, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sci. Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the percentage and spatial distribution of check plots in the experimental area and to propose criterion based on a geostatistical analysis for selecting promising non-replicated wheat lines based on their grain yield. In this study, grain yield data (GYo) were obtained from 300 plots, arranged in a 15 row Χ 20 column matrix, from a uniformity trial (one genotype). Multiple scenarios were generated by varying the percentage of check plots, which were randomly determined with 1000 re-samplings to estimate grain yield (GYe) for non-sampled plots using an ordinary kriging method. The correlation between the observed and the ordinary kriging-estimated values in the test area plots demonstrates that this approach can be used to identify superior lines for allocation with non-check plots.
Pages 424-430 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary Data PDF
..
Chemical attributes of soil fertirrigated with biodigester effluent of swine origin
Arthur Floresta Coletto, Risely Ferraz de Almeida*, Joseph Elias Rodrigues Mikhael, Beno Wendling, Reginaldo Camargo
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ICIAG, University Federal of Uberlandia - UFU, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
Agrarian and Veterinarian Faculty, Sγo Paulo State University (FCAV/UNESP), Department of Exact Sciences, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences Office 104 M.B. Sturgis Hall, LSU Campus, Brazil
Abstract
Swine production is a significant and growing part of Brazilian agriculture. Our objective was to determine nutrient availability in the soil after swine waste applications to pastureland and eucalyptus forestland and then compare these levels to those in the Cerrado (the Brazilian savannah). We concluded that applications of swine waste increased macro/micronutrient availability. Applications of swine waste were associated with higher concentrations of aluminum (Al+3), hydrogen and aluminum (Al+H), total organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon in the Cerrado and higher nutrient concentrations in pastures and eucalyptus stands.
Pages 431-437 | Full Text PDF
..
A simple diagnostic technique to detect potato viruses at post-harvest conditions
Mohamed S. Al-Saikhan
Agriculture of Arid Land Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, 400 Al-Hofuf, Al-Hassa 31981, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
In the present study, a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based protocol for PVX detection was developed and was compared to an enzyme linked immuneosorbent assay (ELISA) based PVX detection methods. Three potato cultivars (Lady Rosetta, Spunta and Hermes) were stored for 1 and 3 months at 4 ΊC (95% RH) Detection of potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), potato virus Y (PVY) and potato virus X (PVX) were carried out on potato leaves and tubers before and after storage using RT-PCR method with specific primers designed to detect these viruses. Spunta and Lady Rosetta have moderate and high resistances, respectively, while Hermes loses in chemical quality progressively during storage at 9°C, and similar has virtually no resistance to LTS at 4°C.
Pages 438-444 | Full Text PDF
..
Long-term effects of four tillage systems and weather conditions on soybean yield and agronomic characteristics in Brazil
Henrique Pereira dos Santos, Renato Serena Fontaneli, Sergio Ricardo Silva*, Anderson Santi, Amauri Colet Verdi, Ana Maria Vargas
National Wheat Research Center, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), PO Box 3081, Passo Fundo, Zip Code 99001-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Passo Fundo University, PO Box 566, Passo Fundo, Zip Code 99001-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effects of four soil management systems on soybean yield and agronomic characteristics, in a 14-cropping-season experiment that was established on an Oxisol in the Rio Grande do Sul state, southern region of Brazil. During the 14 successive crops, conservation systems provided grain yield and plant agronomic characteristics that were similar or significantly better than to those of conventional tillage in the majority of the cropping seasons. The main variations in soybean yield were due to changes in weather conditions that occurred during the study period (172 months), particularly with respect to the impact of water stress on plant development.
Pages 445-452 | Full Text PDF
..
Effects of hybridization and polyploidy on the histone H3 phosphorylation at serine 10 (H3S10ph) in Pennisetum spp. Rich. (Poaceae)
Kαtia Ferreira Marques de Resende, Fernanda Motta da Costa Santos, Cristina Maria Pinto de Paula, Vβnia Helena Techio, Lisete Chamma Davide*
Federal University of Lavras/UFLA - Departament of Biology/DBI - Cytogenetics Laboratory Plant , P. O Box. 3037 - Zip Code 37.200-000, Lavras-Minas Gerais State-Brazil
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of interspecific hybridization and polyploidization on the histone H3 phosphorylation at serine 10 (H3S10ph), using two model species Pennisetum purpureum Schum (elephant grass; 2n=4x=28) and Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. (Millet; 2n=2x=14). The pattern of H3S10ph during mitosis showed coordination in space and time. The pattern was similar in parents and hybrids chromosomes. Phosphorylation was coincident with cohesion restricted to pericentromeric region. In triploid and partial hexaploid hybrids, bridges in anaphase and telophase were found, which showed signals of phosphorylation of H3S10, suggesting loss of chromosome fragments, mainly due the process of hybridization and polyploidization.
Pages 453-457 | Full Text PDF
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Genetic and population structure of sweet cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) germplasm collected from Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Rebecca Caroline Ulbricht Ferreira, Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho*, Maria Celeste Gonηalves-Vidigal, Leonel Domingos Moiana, Marcus Vinνcius Kvitschal
Programa de Pσs-graduaηγo em Genιtica e Melhoramento, Universidade Estadual de Maringα: Av. Colombo, n. 5790, CEP 87020-570, Maringα, Paranα, Brasil
Instituto de Investigaηγo Agrαria de Moηambique. Av. das FPLM 2698, C.P. 2698, Maputo-Mozambique
Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuαria e Extensγo Rural de Santa Catarina -Epagri /Estaηγo Experimental de Caηador: Rua Abνlio Franco, nΊ 1500, C.P. 591, CEP 89500-000, Caηador, Santa Catarina
Abstract
This study aimed at characterization of diversity genetic and population structure of traditional sweet cassava germplasm at the molecular level. A total of 60 sweet cassava accessions from Campo Grande city, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, and a commercial variety, were analyzed using microsatellite markers. The mean of polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.525 and indicated that the markers used were informative and polymorphic, especially the marker SSRY 13. The heterozygosity observed (Ho) ranged from 0.569 to 0.984, with a mean of 0.862, evidencing the existence of high natural heterozygosis in cassava. Combination of cassava accessions BGM 570 Χ BGM 613 and BGM 570 Χ IAC 576/70 is recommended for obtaining superior segregation in order to improve yield.
Pages 458-467 | Full Text PDF
