Volume 8 Issue 3 | March 2014 issue
Table of Contents
8(3) 2014
8(3) 2014
Southern Cross Publishing Group©2014
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA
Australian Journal of Crop Science | March 2014
Volume 8 Number 3 2014
Characterization of some Indian native land race rice accessions for drought tolerance at seedling stage
Padmini Swain*, Mahender Anumalla, Smita Prusty, Bishnu Charan Marndi and Gundimeda Jwala Narasimha Rao
Division of Biochemistry, Physiology and Environmental Science, Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack -753006, Odisha, India
Division of Crop Improvement, Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack -753006, Odisha, India
Summary
In an effort to identify promising rice accessions having tolerance against drought, one hundred and thirty four land races that represent different geographic regions of India and a few from Indonesia and Philippines were examined at the vegetative stage under both field and laboratory conditions. Thirty-day-old seedlings were subjected to moisture stress and the experimental field conditions include a ground water table at a depth of > 90 cm, low soil moisture content (10-12%) and high soil moisture tension (up to -50 kPa) at 30 cm soil depth during the stress period. With an SES (Standard Evaluation System) score of 0-3 in the 0-9 scale, seventy eight accessions were scored as tolerant with twelve having '0' score, eighteen with '1' and forty eight with the score 3.
Pages 324-331 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data
.
Determination of some physical properties of common Malaysian rice MR219 seeds
Zubairu, Usman Bashar, Aimrun Wayayok and Amin Mohd Soom Mohd
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Smart Farming Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Summary
The most common rice variety grown in Malaysia is MR219 but the data on its physical properties is still lacking. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of moisture content on the physical properties (basic dimensions, porosity, bulk and true densities, coefficient of friction, repose angle and sphericity) of MR219 rice variety.
Pages 332-337 | Full Text PDF
.
Association mapping for salinity tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm from US and diverse regions of China
Muhammad Saeed*, Guo Wangzhen and Zhang Tianzhen
Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Cotton Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Summary
In our study, we assessed marker-trait associations for salinity tolerance in cotton using a set of 109 cotton variety germplasm (mainly from China and USA). Cotton varieties were screened for polymorphism with 250 SSR markers. Out of these 250 SSR markers, 98 were found to be polymorphic. Plant material was grown under normal versus saline (100mM and 200mM NaCl) conditions in greenhouse and data was collected for morpho-physiological traits at seedling stage. SSR markers linked with T1, T2, relative value of T1, and relative value of T2 treatments only were considered associated with salinity tolerance.
Pages 338-346 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data
.
Biocontrol of tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) in tomato with chitosan supplemented formulations of Pseudomonas sp. under field conditions
Shefali Mishra, Kavi Shivanandappa Jagadeesh, Palliath Ulpiradath Krishnaraj, Sagar Prem
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Dharwad, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580 005, Karnataka, India
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Dharwad, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580 005, Karnataka India
Summary
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate previously proven potent rhizobacterial isolates against ToLCV. The investigations were carried out with potent rhizobacterial isolates alone and, along with elicitor molecules such as chitosan to determine its ability to control ToLCV in tomato. Different formulations of PGPR and chitosan were evaluated for controlling ToLCV and growth promotion of tomato under field conditions. It was found that the application of Pseudomonas sp. in combination with chitosan reduces the severity of the ToLCV disease by 80.33-90.33 per cent.
Pages 347-355 | Full Text PDF
.
Diversity and validation of microsatellite markers in Saltol QTL region in contrasting rice genotypes for salt tolerance at the early vegetative stage
Krishnendu Chattopadhyay*, Disharee Nath, Rajib Lochan Mohanta, Somnath Bhattacharyya, Bishnu Charan Marndi, Amaresh Kumar Nayak, Devendra Pratap Singh, Ramani Kumar Sarkar and Onkar Nath Singh
Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha - 753 006, India
Department of Genetics, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
Summary
The diversity in microsatellite markers in the Saltol-QTL region among 30 accessions from saline tracts was examined and validated by using 37 breeding lines that were salt tolerant at the seedling stage. The diversity was assessed in terms of morpho-physiological traits related to salt stress (at 12 dSm-1) and polymorphism of molecular marker alleles in the Saltol-QTL region. Principle component analysis of the data on microsatellite markers showed that all moderately tolerant accessions collected from coastal areas in two Indian states, West Bengal and Odisha, were distant from a Saltol-introgressed line, namely FL478.
Pages 356-362 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data
.
Effect of trivalent and hexavalent Chromium (Cr) on the total Cr concentration in the vegetative plant parts of spearmint (Mentha spicata L.), lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora L.) and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)
Pantelis Barouchas, Nicholas Moustakas*, Aglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi, Anastasia Akoumianaki-Ioannidou
Technological Educational Institute of Messolonghi, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Water Resources, Messolonghi, Greece
Soil Science and Aricultural Chemistry Laboratory, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Votanikos 118 55, Greece
Floriculture and Landscape Architecture Laboratory, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Votanikos 118 55, Greece
Summary
Three medicinal species, spearmint (Mentha spicata L.), lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora L.) and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), were grown in pots to study the effect of trivalent (Cr (III) and hexavalent (Cr (VI) Chromium (Cr) on the total Cr concentration in the vegetative plant parts. Increasing Cr additions to the soil resulted in an increase in the total Cr concentration in the vegetative parts of all the plants.
Pages 363-368 | Full Text PDF
.
Studies on seed protein profiling in chilli (Capsicum annuum L) genotypes of Northeast India
TassoYatung, Rakesh Kr Dubey*,Vikas Singh, Garima Upadhyay and Siddhartha Singh
Department of Vegetable Science, Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, College of Horticulture and Forestry, CAU, Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh, India
Summary
North eastern region of India exhibits wide variability in fruit morphology, pungency, bearing habit and crop duration of chilli. In the present study, thirty chilli (Capsicum annuum L) genotypes from different areas of North eastern hill and other part of India were collected and evaluated for genetic diversity using morphological characters and SDS-PAGE analysis. The analysis showed considerable variation in banding pattern of total protein which ranged from 7-19 numbers of bands. The genotypes were grouped in three major clusters which were further sub divided in 9 sub-clusters.
Pages 369-377 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data
.
Brassinosteroid improves content of antioxidants in seeds of selected leguminous plants
Jolanta Biesaga-Koscielniak, Michal Dziurka, Agnieszka Ostrowska, Magdalena Mirek, Janusz Koscielniak, Anna Janeczko*
The Franciszek Gσrski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
Department of Plant Physiology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Podluzna 3, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
Summary
The content of antioxidants (tocopherols, trocotrienols, ascorbic acid, ί-carotene) as well as soluble proteins, total fats and soluble sugars were studied in the seeds of pea and lupine after application of brassinosteroid (24-epibrassinolide). In the pea pot experiment, gamma-tocopherol content was increased (9%-15%) in seeds after brassinosteroid spraying (0.5 mg dm-3). In the lupine field experiment, a- and gamma-tocopherol content was elevated in seeds (8%-84%) after brassinosteroid application (0.25 mg dm-3) via both methods. In the pea field and pot experiment, the ascorbic acid content was increased (18-52%) after watering plants with 24-epibrassinolide (0.25 mg dm-3). In lupine seeds, ascorbic acid as well as ί-carotene content was elevated after brassinosteroid watering (0.25 mg dm-3).
Pages 378-388 | Full Text PDF
.
Isolation of fungi associated with Criconemoides sp. and their potential use in the biological control of ectoparasitic and semiendoparasitic nematodes in sugar cane
Daniel Lopez-Lima, Gloria Carrion*, Αngel Enrique Nϊρez-Sαnchez
Instituto de Ecologνa, A.C., MEXICO
Facultad de Ciencias Agrνcolas, Universidad Veracruzana, MEXICO
Summary
This study isolated fungi from the sugar cane phytoparasitic nematode Criconemoides sp. and tested the pathogenicity of one of these isolates on the nematode community of the sugar cane producing region of Veracruz, Mexico. A total of 42 fungal isolates were obtained, including Purpureocillium lilacinum, which was selected for use in the in vitro and greenhouse experiments. From 48 h after in vitro infection, blastospores and mycelia were observed within the body of the nematode. The most abundant phytoparasitic nematodes found in samples of the greenhouse experiment were Criconemoides sp. and Helicotylenchus sp.
Pages 389-396 | Full Text PDF
.
Weight loss and antioxidants degradation in spears of five asparagus cultivars during cold and freeze storage
Tarek A. Shalaby, Yaser Hassan Dewir*, Silvia Haneklaus, Ewald Schnug
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Julius Kuehn Institute, bundesallee 50, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany
Summary
The present study investigated and compared the weight loss and degradation of antioxidants including ascorbic acid (ASC), glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (CYS) in spears of five asparagus cultivars (Bonlim, Eposs, Mars, Thielim and Vulkan). Spears were stored either under cold storage at 4 °C for 12 days or were deep frozen at - 20 °C for 12 months. The results showed that there are significant differences among asparagus cultivars with respect to their weight loss and antioxidants content of ASC, GSH and CYS. Deep freezing at - 20 °C proved to be a superior method to cold storage at 4 °C for preserving asparagus content of antioxidants.
Pages 397-401 | Full Text PDF
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Impact of early growth traits on further genotypic performance during the vegetative growth of maize (Zea mays L.) in response to phosphorus (P) availability
Sophie Brunel-Muguet, Sylvain Pellerin, Alain Mollier*
Normandie University, France
UNICAEN, UMR950 Ecophysiologie Vιgιtale, Agronomie et nutritions N, C, S, F-14032 Caen, France
INRA, UMR950 Ecophysiologie Vιgιtale, Agronomie et nutritions N, C, S, F-14032 Caen, France
INRA, UMR 1391 ISPA, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR 1391 ISPA, F-33170 Gradignan, France
Summary
The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of early growth behaviors under conditions of P deficiency on further performances at the end of the vegetative phase of different Zea mays L. genotypes. The effects of soil P availability on biomass and P allocation during early growth and its effects on further performances were investigated on six maize genotypes which were chosen for their growth and development traits in response to P availability. The results showed that the behavior of the six-leave-stage plants was a determining indicator of plant performance at the pre-anthesis phase.
Pages 402-412 | Full Text PDF
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Over-expression of bacterial mtlD gene confers enhanced tolerance to salt-stress and water-deficit stress in transgenic peanut (Arachis hypogaea) through accumulation of mannitol
Tengale Dipak Bhauso, Radhakrishnan Thankappan*, Abhay Kumar, Gyan Prakash Mishra, Jentilal Ramjibhai Dobaria and ManchikatlaVenkat Rajam
Directorate of Groundnut Research, P.B. No 05, Junagadh- 362001, Gujarat, India
Universityof Delhi, South Campus, Benito-Juarez Road, New Delhi- 110021, India
Summary
Previous work on a number of transgenics having mtlD has esablished the role of mannitol accumulation in the alleviation of abiotic stresses like salinity and drought. In the present study we have characterized the peanut (cv. GG 20) plants transformed with mtlD (from Escherichia coli) for its tolerance to abiotic stresses. Here we demonstrate that biosynthesis of mannitol in transgenic peanut lines due to the over-expression of mtlD gene improves its tolerance for salinity and water-deficit stress over WT.
Pages 413-421 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data
.
Marandu palisadegrass growth and nutrient accumulation as affect by nitrogen and sulfur fertilizations
Adriana Guirado Artur* and Francisco Antonio Monteiro
Department of Soil Sciences, Federal University of Cearα, Fortaleza, Cearα, 60021-970, Brazil
Soil Science Department, University of Sγo Paulo, Piracicaba, Sγo Paulo, 13418-900, P.O. Box 9, Brazil
Summary
The objective was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen and sulfur applications on growth attributes and nutrient concentration in Marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu). Number of leaves, number of tillers, leaf area, dry matter production and nitrogen concentration in shoot of the grass showed significant responses to nitrogen fertilization at the first harvest. Sulfur concentration in shoots sampled at the first harvest depended on both nitrogen and sulfur fertilizations.
Pages 422-429 | Full Text PDF
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Comparison of tocopherols composition in mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczeck] germplasms of Asia
Eun-Hye Kim, Jae-Yeon Yun, Ye-Sul Yang, Ju-Hyun Lee, Seung-Hyun Kim, Praveen Nagella and Ill-Min Chung*
Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
Summary
The aim of the present investigation was to compare the tocopherols composition from the germplasms of mung bean collected from different regions of Asia. A total of 146 mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczeck) germplasms were collected from the gene bank of the Rural Development Administration (RDA, Suwon, Korea) and classified into 11 types based on their origin and was investigated for the concentrations of various tocopherols present in these groups. Our results showed that Iranian mung bean seeds (159.7 ΅g g-1) contained the highest levels of total tocopherols.
Pages 430-434 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data
.
Identification of putative low phytic acid mutants and assessment of the total P, phytate P, protein and divalent cations in mutant populations of soybean
Sweta Kumari, Sanjay Kumar Lal and Archana Sachdev*
Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
Summary
The objective of this study was to select mutant lines among the soybean mutant populations having low phytic acid content, along with high protein and mineral levels. Following the treatment of 17 soybean genotypes with chemical (Ethyl Methane Sulphonate) and physical (gamma rays) mutagens, 34 mutant populations were developed. The M2 through M10 plants were screened on the basis of their resistance to yellow mosaic virus (YMV). The plants of the M10 generation analysed for their phytic acid (PA), protein and mineral levels revealed five mutant lines, IR-JS-101-4, IR-V-101-3, IR-DS-118-2, IR-DS-119-4 and IR-DS-122-2 which showed significant reduction in phytic acid and phytic acid phosphorus (PA-P) contents compared to their parental lines.
Pages 435-441 | Full Text PDF
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Assessment of genetic diversity for Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuD), fiber quality and some morphological traits using different statistical procedures in Gossypium hirsutum L.
Frasat Saeed, Jehanzeb Farooq*, Abid Mahmood, Muhammad Riaz, Tassawar Hussain and Abdul Majeed
Cotton Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Consultant Cotton in International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Pakistan Office, Pakistan
Country manager in International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Pakistan Office, Pakistan
Summary
For evaluation of these traits cluster, principle components (PC) and correlation analysis were employed to obtain suitable parents that can be further exploited in a breeding programme. CLCuD exhibited negative and significant association with seed cotton yield (-0.317**) while with other traits it showed non-significant correlation. The ginning out turn had a significant positive correlation (0.367**) with fiber fineness but negative and significant association (-0.273**) with fiber length. The results concluded that the diversity among the genotypes could be utilized for the development of CLCuD resistant varieties with higher lint yield and germplasm conservation programs aimed at improving CLCuD tolerance with better fiber quality.
Pages 442-447 | Full Text PDF
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Role of peroxidases in capsaicinoids degradation in habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) plants grown under water deficit conditions
Enid Zamudio-Moreno, Ileana Echevarrνa-Machado, Marνa de Fαtima Medina-Lara, Graciano Calva-Calva, Marνa de Lourdes Miranda-Ham, Manuel Martνnez-Estιvez*
Unidad de Bioquνmica y Biologνa Molecular de Plantas. Centro de Investigaciσn Cientνfica de Yucatαn, Calle 43 # 130, Col. Chuburnα de Hidalgo, 97200 Mιrida, Yucatαn, Mιxico
Centro de Investigaciσn y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politιcnico Nacional, Mexico
Av. Instituto Politιcnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360. PO Box: 14-740, 07000 Mιxico, D.F.
Summary
Habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) is one of the most pungent cultivars of the genus Capsicum. We studied the effects of water deficit on capsaicinoids (CAPs, acid amides derived from phenylalanine and valine or leucine) accumulation. Water stress was induced by withholding irrigation for 7 (R7) or 9 (R9) days after anthesis occurred, while control plants were watered daily. Irrigation withholding for 9 days induced effects on the rate of capsaicinoid accumulation in the placental tissue (131 mg g-1 DW), through a lowered rate of degradation (low PODs activities: 31 ΅Kat mg-1 prot). We concluded that PODs may not be the sole pathway in the degradation process of CAPs in habanero pepper plants under water stress.
Pages 448-454 | Full Text PDF
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Conformity of vigor tests to determine the seed quality of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars
Mehmet Demir KAYA
Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, 26160 Eskisehir, Turkey
Summary
This study aimed to create a reliable procedure for combining temperature and time for accelerated aging to be potentially used to perform deterioration and electrical conductivity tests for predicting safflower seed vigor of safflower. Seeds from Balci, Dincer and Remzibey were evaluated in the laboratory for germination, emergence and accelerated aging (AA) at 41, 43 and 45 °C for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The results demonstrated that increased aging, temperature and time remarkably decreased the germination percentage.
Pages 455-459 | Full Text PDF
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Variability study in seed morphology and uses of indigenous rice landraces (Oryza sativa L.) collected from West Bengal, India
Dinesh Prasad Semwal*, Anjula Pandey, Dalpat Chand Bhandari, Om Prakash Dhariwal and Shashi Kant Sharma
Division of Plant Exploration and Germplasm Collection, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110 012, India
Summary
Variability in seed morphology was studied in 23 rice landraces using qualitative and quantitative characters. Germplasm of these indigenous rice landraces were collected from three districts (Dakshin Dinajpur, Uttar Dinajpur and Malda) of West Bengal, India during two exploration missions undertaken in summer and winter season (2012-2013). A total of 18 landraces had greyed-orange and greyed-yellow husk colour while six landraces had brown - greyed brown husk colour. The seed coat colour variation in different landraces ranged from white, brown, golden yellow, light brown and red. Aroma was present in 18 landraces out of the total collection.
Pages 460-467 | Full Text PDF
Volume 8 Number 3 2014
Characterization of some Indian native land race rice accessions for drought tolerance at seedling stage
Padmini Swain*, Mahender Anumalla, Smita Prusty, Bishnu Charan Marndi and Gundimeda Jwala Narasimha Rao
Division of Biochemistry, Physiology and Environmental Science, Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack -753006, Odisha, India
Division of Crop Improvement, Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack -753006, Odisha, India
Summary
In an effort to identify promising rice accessions having tolerance against drought, one hundred and thirty four land races that represent different geographic regions of India and a few from Indonesia and Philippines were examined at the vegetative stage under both field and laboratory conditions. Thirty-day-old seedlings were subjected to moisture stress and the experimental field conditions include a ground water table at a depth of > 90 cm, low soil moisture content (10-12%) and high soil moisture tension (up to -50 kPa) at 30 cm soil depth during the stress period. With an SES (Standard Evaluation System) score of 0-3 in the 0-9 scale, seventy eight accessions were scored as tolerant with twelve having '0' score, eighteen with '1' and forty eight with the score 3.
Pages 324-331 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data
.
Determination of some physical properties of common Malaysian rice MR219 seeds
Zubairu, Usman Bashar, Aimrun Wayayok and Amin Mohd Soom Mohd
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Smart Farming Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Summary
The most common rice variety grown in Malaysia is MR219 but the data on its physical properties is still lacking. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of moisture content on the physical properties (basic dimensions, porosity, bulk and true densities, coefficient of friction, repose angle and sphericity) of MR219 rice variety.
Pages 332-337 | Full Text PDF
.
Association mapping for salinity tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm from US and diverse regions of China
Muhammad Saeed*, Guo Wangzhen and Zhang Tianzhen
Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Cotton Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Summary
In our study, we assessed marker-trait associations for salinity tolerance in cotton using a set of 109 cotton variety germplasm (mainly from China and USA). Cotton varieties were screened for polymorphism with 250 SSR markers. Out of these 250 SSR markers, 98 were found to be polymorphic. Plant material was grown under normal versus saline (100mM and 200mM NaCl) conditions in greenhouse and data was collected for morpho-physiological traits at seedling stage. SSR markers linked with T1, T2, relative value of T1, and relative value of T2 treatments only were considered associated with salinity tolerance.
Pages 338-346 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data
.
Biocontrol of tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) in tomato with chitosan supplemented formulations of Pseudomonas sp. under field conditions
Shefali Mishra, Kavi Shivanandappa Jagadeesh, Palliath Ulpiradath Krishnaraj, Sagar Prem
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Dharwad, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580 005, Karnataka, India
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Dharwad, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580 005, Karnataka India
Summary
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate previously proven potent rhizobacterial isolates against ToLCV. The investigations were carried out with potent rhizobacterial isolates alone and, along with elicitor molecules such as chitosan to determine its ability to control ToLCV in tomato. Different formulations of PGPR and chitosan were evaluated for controlling ToLCV and growth promotion of tomato under field conditions. It was found that the application of Pseudomonas sp. in combination with chitosan reduces the severity of the ToLCV disease by 80.33-90.33 per cent.
Pages 347-355 | Full Text PDF
.
Diversity and validation of microsatellite markers in Saltol QTL region in contrasting rice genotypes for salt tolerance at the early vegetative stage
Krishnendu Chattopadhyay*, Disharee Nath, Rajib Lochan Mohanta, Somnath Bhattacharyya, Bishnu Charan Marndi, Amaresh Kumar Nayak, Devendra Pratap Singh, Ramani Kumar Sarkar and Onkar Nath Singh
Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha - 753 006, India
Department of Genetics, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
Summary
The diversity in microsatellite markers in the Saltol-QTL region among 30 accessions from saline tracts was examined and validated by using 37 breeding lines that were salt tolerant at the seedling stage. The diversity was assessed in terms of morpho-physiological traits related to salt stress (at 12 dSm-1) and polymorphism of molecular marker alleles in the Saltol-QTL region. Principle component analysis of the data on microsatellite markers showed that all moderately tolerant accessions collected from coastal areas in two Indian states, West Bengal and Odisha, were distant from a Saltol-introgressed line, namely FL478.
Pages 356-362 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data
.
Effect of trivalent and hexavalent Chromium (Cr) on the total Cr concentration in the vegetative plant parts of spearmint (Mentha spicata L.), lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora L.) and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)
Pantelis Barouchas, Nicholas Moustakas*, Aglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi, Anastasia Akoumianaki-Ioannidou
Technological Educational Institute of Messolonghi, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Water Resources, Messolonghi, Greece
Soil Science and Aricultural Chemistry Laboratory, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Votanikos 118 55, Greece
Floriculture and Landscape Architecture Laboratory, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Votanikos 118 55, Greece
Summary
Three medicinal species, spearmint (Mentha spicata L.), lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora L.) and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), were grown in pots to study the effect of trivalent (Cr (III) and hexavalent (Cr (VI) Chromium (Cr) on the total Cr concentration in the vegetative plant parts. Increasing Cr additions to the soil resulted in an increase in the total Cr concentration in the vegetative parts of all the plants.
Pages 363-368 | Full Text PDF
.
Studies on seed protein profiling in chilli (Capsicum annuum L) genotypes of Northeast India
TassoYatung, Rakesh Kr Dubey*,Vikas Singh, Garima Upadhyay and Siddhartha Singh
Department of Vegetable Science, Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, College of Horticulture and Forestry, CAU, Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh, India
Summary
North eastern region of India exhibits wide variability in fruit morphology, pungency, bearing habit and crop duration of chilli. In the present study, thirty chilli (Capsicum annuum L) genotypes from different areas of North eastern hill and other part of India were collected and evaluated for genetic diversity using morphological characters and SDS-PAGE analysis. The analysis showed considerable variation in banding pattern of total protein which ranged from 7-19 numbers of bands. The genotypes were grouped in three major clusters which were further sub divided in 9 sub-clusters.
Pages 369-377 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data
.
Brassinosteroid improves content of antioxidants in seeds of selected leguminous plants
Jolanta Biesaga-Koscielniak, Michal Dziurka, Agnieszka Ostrowska, Magdalena Mirek, Janusz Koscielniak, Anna Janeczko*
The Franciszek Gσrski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
Department of Plant Physiology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Podluzna 3, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
Summary
The content of antioxidants (tocopherols, trocotrienols, ascorbic acid, ί-carotene) as well as soluble proteins, total fats and soluble sugars were studied in the seeds of pea and lupine after application of brassinosteroid (24-epibrassinolide). In the pea pot experiment, gamma-tocopherol content was increased (9%-15%) in seeds after brassinosteroid spraying (0.5 mg dm-3). In the lupine field experiment, a- and gamma-tocopherol content was elevated in seeds (8%-84%) after brassinosteroid application (0.25 mg dm-3) via both methods. In the pea field and pot experiment, the ascorbic acid content was increased (18-52%) after watering plants with 24-epibrassinolide (0.25 mg dm-3). In lupine seeds, ascorbic acid as well as ί-carotene content was elevated after brassinosteroid watering (0.25 mg dm-3).
Pages 378-388 | Full Text PDF
.
Isolation of fungi associated with Criconemoides sp. and their potential use in the biological control of ectoparasitic and semiendoparasitic nematodes in sugar cane
Daniel Lopez-Lima, Gloria Carrion*, Αngel Enrique Nϊρez-Sαnchez
Instituto de Ecologνa, A.C., MEXICO
Facultad de Ciencias Agrνcolas, Universidad Veracruzana, MEXICO
Summary
This study isolated fungi from the sugar cane phytoparasitic nematode Criconemoides sp. and tested the pathogenicity of one of these isolates on the nematode community of the sugar cane producing region of Veracruz, Mexico. A total of 42 fungal isolates were obtained, including Purpureocillium lilacinum, which was selected for use in the in vitro and greenhouse experiments. From 48 h after in vitro infection, blastospores and mycelia were observed within the body of the nematode. The most abundant phytoparasitic nematodes found in samples of the greenhouse experiment were Criconemoides sp. and Helicotylenchus sp.
Pages 389-396 | Full Text PDF
.
Weight loss and antioxidants degradation in spears of five asparagus cultivars during cold and freeze storage
Tarek A. Shalaby, Yaser Hassan Dewir*, Silvia Haneklaus, Ewald Schnug
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Julius Kuehn Institute, bundesallee 50, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany
Summary
The present study investigated and compared the weight loss and degradation of antioxidants including ascorbic acid (ASC), glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (CYS) in spears of five asparagus cultivars (Bonlim, Eposs, Mars, Thielim and Vulkan). Spears were stored either under cold storage at 4 °C for 12 days or were deep frozen at - 20 °C for 12 months. The results showed that there are significant differences among asparagus cultivars with respect to their weight loss and antioxidants content of ASC, GSH and CYS. Deep freezing at - 20 °C proved to be a superior method to cold storage at 4 °C for preserving asparagus content of antioxidants.
Pages 397-401 | Full Text PDF
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Impact of early growth traits on further genotypic performance during the vegetative growth of maize (Zea mays L.) in response to phosphorus (P) availability
Sophie Brunel-Muguet, Sylvain Pellerin, Alain Mollier*
Normandie University, France
UNICAEN, UMR950 Ecophysiologie Vιgιtale, Agronomie et nutritions N, C, S, F-14032 Caen, France
INRA, UMR950 Ecophysiologie Vιgιtale, Agronomie et nutritions N, C, S, F-14032 Caen, France
INRA, UMR 1391 ISPA, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR 1391 ISPA, F-33170 Gradignan, France
Summary
The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of early growth behaviors under conditions of P deficiency on further performances at the end of the vegetative phase of different Zea mays L. genotypes. The effects of soil P availability on biomass and P allocation during early growth and its effects on further performances were investigated on six maize genotypes which were chosen for their growth and development traits in response to P availability. The results showed that the behavior of the six-leave-stage plants was a determining indicator of plant performance at the pre-anthesis phase.
Pages 402-412 | Full Text PDF
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Over-expression of bacterial mtlD gene confers enhanced tolerance to salt-stress and water-deficit stress in transgenic peanut (Arachis hypogaea) through accumulation of mannitol
Tengale Dipak Bhauso, Radhakrishnan Thankappan*, Abhay Kumar, Gyan Prakash Mishra, Jentilal Ramjibhai Dobaria and ManchikatlaVenkat Rajam
Directorate of Groundnut Research, P.B. No 05, Junagadh- 362001, Gujarat, India
Universityof Delhi, South Campus, Benito-Juarez Road, New Delhi- 110021, India
Summary
Previous work on a number of transgenics having mtlD has esablished the role of mannitol accumulation in the alleviation of abiotic stresses like salinity and drought. In the present study we have characterized the peanut (cv. GG 20) plants transformed with mtlD (from Escherichia coli) for its tolerance to abiotic stresses. Here we demonstrate that biosynthesis of mannitol in transgenic peanut lines due to the over-expression of mtlD gene improves its tolerance for salinity and water-deficit stress over WT.
Pages 413-421 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data
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Marandu palisadegrass growth and nutrient accumulation as affect by nitrogen and sulfur fertilizations
Adriana Guirado Artur* and Francisco Antonio Monteiro
Department of Soil Sciences, Federal University of Cearα, Fortaleza, Cearα, 60021-970, Brazil
Soil Science Department, University of Sγo Paulo, Piracicaba, Sγo Paulo, 13418-900, P.O. Box 9, Brazil
Summary
The objective was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen and sulfur applications on growth attributes and nutrient concentration in Marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu). Number of leaves, number of tillers, leaf area, dry matter production and nitrogen concentration in shoot of the grass showed significant responses to nitrogen fertilization at the first harvest. Sulfur concentration in shoots sampled at the first harvest depended on both nitrogen and sulfur fertilizations.
Pages 422-429 | Full Text PDF
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Comparison of tocopherols composition in mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczeck] germplasms of Asia
Eun-Hye Kim, Jae-Yeon Yun, Ye-Sul Yang, Ju-Hyun Lee, Seung-Hyun Kim, Praveen Nagella and Ill-Min Chung*
Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
Summary
The aim of the present investigation was to compare the tocopherols composition from the germplasms of mung bean collected from different regions of Asia. A total of 146 mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczeck) germplasms were collected from the gene bank of the Rural Development Administration (RDA, Suwon, Korea) and classified into 11 types based on their origin and was investigated for the concentrations of various tocopherols present in these groups. Our results showed that Iranian mung bean seeds (159.7 ΅g g-1) contained the highest levels of total tocopherols.
Pages 430-434 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data
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Identification of putative low phytic acid mutants and assessment of the total P, phytate P, protein and divalent cations in mutant populations of soybean
Sweta Kumari, Sanjay Kumar Lal and Archana Sachdev*
Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
Summary
The objective of this study was to select mutant lines among the soybean mutant populations having low phytic acid content, along with high protein and mineral levels. Following the treatment of 17 soybean genotypes with chemical (Ethyl Methane Sulphonate) and physical (gamma rays) mutagens, 34 mutant populations were developed. The M2 through M10 plants were screened on the basis of their resistance to yellow mosaic virus (YMV). The plants of the M10 generation analysed for their phytic acid (PA), protein and mineral levels revealed five mutant lines, IR-JS-101-4, IR-V-101-3, IR-DS-118-2, IR-DS-119-4 and IR-DS-122-2 which showed significant reduction in phytic acid and phytic acid phosphorus (PA-P) contents compared to their parental lines.
Pages 435-441 | Full Text PDF
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Assessment of genetic diversity for Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuD), fiber quality and some morphological traits using different statistical procedures in Gossypium hirsutum L.
Frasat Saeed, Jehanzeb Farooq*, Abid Mahmood, Muhammad Riaz, Tassawar Hussain and Abdul Majeed
Cotton Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Consultant Cotton in International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Pakistan Office, Pakistan
Country manager in International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Pakistan Office, Pakistan
Summary
For evaluation of these traits cluster, principle components (PC) and correlation analysis were employed to obtain suitable parents that can be further exploited in a breeding programme. CLCuD exhibited negative and significant association with seed cotton yield (-0.317**) while with other traits it showed non-significant correlation. The ginning out turn had a significant positive correlation (0.367**) with fiber fineness but negative and significant association (-0.273**) with fiber length. The results concluded that the diversity among the genotypes could be utilized for the development of CLCuD resistant varieties with higher lint yield and germplasm conservation programs aimed at improving CLCuD tolerance with better fiber quality.
Pages 442-447 | Full Text PDF
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Role of peroxidases in capsaicinoids degradation in habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) plants grown under water deficit conditions
Enid Zamudio-Moreno, Ileana Echevarrνa-Machado, Marνa de Fαtima Medina-Lara, Graciano Calva-Calva, Marνa de Lourdes Miranda-Ham, Manuel Martνnez-Estιvez*
Unidad de Bioquνmica y Biologνa Molecular de Plantas. Centro de Investigaciσn Cientνfica de Yucatαn, Calle 43 # 130, Col. Chuburnα de Hidalgo, 97200 Mιrida, Yucatαn, Mιxico
Centro de Investigaciσn y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politιcnico Nacional, Mexico
Av. Instituto Politιcnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360. PO Box: 14-740, 07000 Mιxico, D.F.
Summary
Habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) is one of the most pungent cultivars of the genus Capsicum. We studied the effects of water deficit on capsaicinoids (CAPs, acid amides derived from phenylalanine and valine or leucine) accumulation. Water stress was induced by withholding irrigation for 7 (R7) or 9 (R9) days after anthesis occurred, while control plants were watered daily. Irrigation withholding for 9 days induced effects on the rate of capsaicinoid accumulation in the placental tissue (131 mg g-1 DW), through a lowered rate of degradation (low PODs activities: 31 ΅Kat mg-1 prot). We concluded that PODs may not be the sole pathway in the degradation process of CAPs in habanero pepper plants under water stress.
Pages 448-454 | Full Text PDF
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Conformity of vigor tests to determine the seed quality of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars
Mehmet Demir KAYA
Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, 26160 Eskisehir, Turkey
Summary
This study aimed to create a reliable procedure for combining temperature and time for accelerated aging to be potentially used to perform deterioration and electrical conductivity tests for predicting safflower seed vigor of safflower. Seeds from Balci, Dincer and Remzibey were evaluated in the laboratory for germination, emergence and accelerated aging (AA) at 41, 43 and 45 °C for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The results demonstrated that increased aging, temperature and time remarkably decreased the germination percentage.
Pages 455-459 | Full Text PDF
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Variability study in seed morphology and uses of indigenous rice landraces (Oryza sativa L.) collected from West Bengal, India
Dinesh Prasad Semwal*, Anjula Pandey, Dalpat Chand Bhandari, Om Prakash Dhariwal and Shashi Kant Sharma
Division of Plant Exploration and Germplasm Collection, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110 012, India
Summary
Variability in seed morphology was studied in 23 rice landraces using qualitative and quantitative characters. Germplasm of these indigenous rice landraces were collected from three districts (Dakshin Dinajpur, Uttar Dinajpur and Malda) of West Bengal, India during two exploration missions undertaken in summer and winter season (2012-2013). A total of 18 landraces had greyed-orange and greyed-yellow husk colour while six landraces had brown - greyed brown husk colour. The seed coat colour variation in different landraces ranged from white, brown, golden yellow, light brown and red. Aroma was present in 18 landraces out of the total collection.
Pages 460-467 | Full Text PDF
